Albrecht Angelika, Schipper Jörg
Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Deutschland.
HNO. 2022 Oct;70(10):743-750. doi: 10.1007/s00106-022-01212-7. Epub 2022 Aug 29.
The most common cause of lateral skull base fractures are still road traffic accidents, followed by falls. The radiologic classification into otic capsule-sparing or otic capsule-violating fractures correlates well with an increased risk of injury to the sensitive structures of the middle ear with otic capsule-violating fractures. In case of immediate onset complete facial nerve paralysis, decompression surgery is generally recommended if bony impingement can be demonstrated on high-resolution CT of the temporal bone. For many other facials nerve complications, recent publications have achieved good to excellent facial nerve recovery rates with watchful waiting under conservative treatment with prednisolone administration.
侧颅底骨折最常见的原因仍然是道路交通事故,其次是跌倒。根据是否累及听骨囊,将骨折分为非听骨囊骨折和听骨囊骨折,这种放射学分类与听骨囊骨折时中耳敏感结构受伤风险增加密切相关。对于伤后立即出现的完全性面神经麻痹,如果颞骨高分辨率CT显示有骨质压迫,则一般建议进行减压手术。对于许多其他面神经并发症,最近的出版物表明,在给予泼尼松龙进行保守治疗并密切观察的情况下,面神经恢复率良好至极佳。