Krafft Hanno S, Raak Christa K, Martin David D
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.
Department of Pediatrics, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
J Integr Complement Med. 2023 Jan;29(1):6-13. doi: 10.1089/jicm.2022.0565. Epub 2022 Aug 26.
Most often, fever is still treated by lowering body temperature with medication. In complementary and integrative health care, patients are supported during illness to use the positive effects of fever. Accompanying applications from the field of hydrotherapy are often used for gentle cooling, but there are references that warming in fever can also be used as a support. The aim of this scoping review was to identify available evidence on how, when, and why patients with fever are treated with heat application. The MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, COCHRANE, Google, and Google Scholar databases as well as references of identified literature were searched. As sources of evidence, publications studying patients who received heat application or were kept warm in febrile condition, regardless of medical situation, type of health care setting, and geographical background, were taken into consideration. The literature search identified 1698 publications, of which only 7 were included. Methods of applying heat were the use of electric warming blankets, hot packs, hot-water bottles, or hot water footbaths. Most of the studies on heat application used temperatures of about 40°C and reported significantly body temperature after heat application. The literature suggests that hydrotherapeutic heat application is a common and well-appreciated method in Middle Eastern and Asian regions to support febrile patients. Using heat to support the energy-intensive and uncomfortable phase of rising fever may improve comfort, prevent unnecessarily high fever, and save biological energy. Therefore, high-quality studies on the role of heat application in fever are expected to be of high relevance for future fever management guidelines and integrative health care in general.
大多数情况下，发热仍通过药物降低体温来治疗。在补充和整合医疗保健中，患者在患病期间会得到支持，以利用发热的积极作用。水疗领域的辅助应用通常用于温和降温，但也有资料表明，发热时升温也可作为一种辅助手段。本综述的目的是确定关于如何、何时以及为何对发热患者进行热疗的现有证据。检索了MEDLINE、CINAHL、EMBASE、COCHRANE、谷歌和谷歌学术数据库以及已识别文献的参考文献。作为证据来源，考虑了研究在发热状态下接受热疗或保暖的患者的出版物，无论其医疗状况、医疗保健环境类型和地理背景如何。文献检索共识别出1698篇出版物，其中仅纳入了7篇。热疗方法包括使用电热毯、热敷袋、热水袋或热水足浴。大多数热疗研究使用的温度约为40°C，并报告热疗后体温显著下降。文献表明，水疗热疗在中东和亚洲地区是支持发热患者的一种常见且广受认可的方法。利用热疗来支持发热上升阶段这种耗能且不适的阶段，可能会提高舒适度、预防不必要的高热并节省生物能量。因此，关于热疗在发热中的作用的高质量研究预计对未来的发热管理指南和总体整合医疗保健具有高度相关性。
