Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podology, University Complutense of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, s/n., 28040 Madrid, Spain; Research Nursing Group of Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Calle Dr. Esquerdo 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain.
Research Nursing Group of Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Calle Dr. Esquerdo 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain; Red Cross University College of Nursing, Spanish Red Cross, Autonomous University of Madrid, Avenida Reina Victoria 28, 28003 Madrid, Spain.
Nurse Educ Pract. 2022 Oct;64:103441. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2022.103441. Epub 2022 Aug 23.
To evaluate the effects of high-fidelity simulation training on attitudes towards older people and empathy among undergraduate nursing students.
People worldwide are living longer and, consequently, the number of older people is increasing globally. Geriatric syndromes are highly prevalent and associated with increased morbidity and mortality in this population. Positive attitudes towards older people and high levels of empathy are necessary for the provision of high-quality nursing care, which will contribute towards improving the quality of life of older patients affected by these syndromes.
A quasi-experimental study was conducted using a longitudinal design with a single group and a pre- and post-intervention evaluation. The development of attitudes towards older people and empathy skills were evaluated using high-fidelity simulation-based training, comparing the levels obtained in these skills at baseline and after the simulation experience. The simulated scenarios recreated the great geriatric syndromes in older patients: instability, immobility, intellectual impairment and incontinence.
After the simulation sessions, nursing students significantly improved their total scores for both attitudes toward older people and empathy, moreover, improvements were found in the three subscales of empathy. The effect size was large for the total scores of both the attitudes towards older people and the empathy scales and the 'perspective taking' subscale. The obtained effect size was small for the 'compassionate care' subscale, whereas for the 'standing in the patient's shoes' subscale, the obtained effect size was medium.
Our high-fidelity simulation-based training allows undergraduate nursing students to improve their empathy levels and positive attitudes toward older people. The development of these skills may provide benefits directly related to high-quality care for older patients. Therefore, the inclusion of simulation training programs in geriatric nursing study plans is necessary to train nursing students in the care of older people and to prepare them for real clinical practice.
评价高保真模拟培训对本科护生对老年人态度和同理心的影响。
全球人口寿命延长，因此全球老年人数量不断增加。老年人综合征发病率高，与该人群的发病率和死亡率增加相关。对老年人的积极态度和高度同理心是提供高质量护理的必要条件，这将有助于提高受这些综合征影响的老年患者的生活质量。
采用单组前后测准实验研究设计，进行了一项准实验研究。使用高保真模拟为基础的培训评估对老年人态度和同理心技能的发展，比较在基线和模拟经验后的这些技能中获得的水平。模拟情景再现了老年患者的主要老年综合征：不稳定、不动、智力障碍和失禁。
模拟课程结束后，护理学生对老年人的态度和同理心的总分显著提高，并且同理心的三个分量表也有所提高。对老年人态度和同理心量表的总分以及“换位思考”分量表的效果量较大。“关怀照顾”分量表的效果量较小，而“设身处地”分量表的效果量为中等。
我们的高保真模拟培训使本科护生能够提高同理心水平和对老年人的积极态度。这些技能的发展可能会直接为老年患者提供高质量的护理带来益处。因此，有必要在老年护理学习计划中纳入模拟培训计划，以培训护理学生照顾老年人，并为他们的实际临床实践做好准备。
