在……中对甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑产生新耐药性的风险 。 你提供的原文似乎不完整，后面应该还有具体内容。
The Risk of Emerging Resistance to Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole in .
作者信息
Sato Takumi, Ito Ryota, Kawamura Masato, Fujimura Shigeru
机构信息
Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases & Chemotherapy, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan.
出版信息
Infect Drug Resist. 2022 Aug 23;15:4779-4784. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S375588. eCollection 2022.
OBJECTIVE
Due to the spread of community-acquired methicillin-resistant (CA-MRSA), the demand for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT) is increasing in the world. It is not clear whether the resistant strain emerges by overuse of SXT. We investigated here the emergent risk of the SXT-resistant mutant in by an in vitro SXT exposure experiment.
METHODS
A total of 40 clinical isolates (20 MSSA and 20 MRSA isolates) were exposed to sub-MIC of SXT for consecutive days, and MIC of SXT was determined every day. In addition, the DNA sequencing was performed to detect the mutation in the SXT-resistant strain.
RESULTS
The SXT-resistant strain began to emerge on the eighth day and accounted for 45% (18/40 clinical isolates) after 14 days. Moreover, one half of these resistant strains showed F98Y mutation in DfrB to retain SXT-resistance without selective pressure.
CONCLUSION
The emergent risk was SXT exposure of 14 days or more.
目的
由于社区获得性耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（CA-MRSA）的传播，世界范围内对甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑（SXT）的需求正在增加。目前尚不清楚耐药菌株是否因过度使用SXT而出现。我们在此通过体外SXT暴露实验研究了SXT耐药突变体出现的风险。
方法
将总共40株临床分离株（20株甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌和20株耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌分离株）连续数天暴露于低于最低抑菌浓度（sub-MIC）的SXT中，每天测定SXT的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）。此外，进行DNA测序以检测SXT耐药菌株中的突变。
结果
SXT耐药菌株在第8天开始出现，14天后占45%（18/40株临床分离株）。此外，这些耐药菌株中有一半在二氢叶酸还原酶B（DfrB）中显示F98Y突变，从而在没有选择压力的情况下保持对SXT的耐药性。
结论
出现耐药的风险是SXT暴露14天或更长时间。
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