Tianjin Key Lab. of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China.
Indoor Air. 2022 Aug;32(8):e13084. doi: 10.1111/ina.13084.
House dust mites produce well-known allergens for asthma and allergy among children. To study house dust mite allergen exposure level in northeast China and characterize its association with indoor environmental factors and cleaning habits, we inspected 399 homes in Tianjin area and collected dust from mattresses. Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f) and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) were detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The medians of total allergen concentrations for spring, summer, autumn, and winter were 524 ng/g, 351 ng/g, 1022 ng/g, and 1010 ng/g. High indoor air relative humidity (RH), low air change rate, indoor dampness, and frequent changing of quilt cover/bedsheet/pillow case were significantly associated with high house dust mite allergen concentration (relative risk [RR]: RH, 1.18-1.34; air change rate, 0.97-1.00; dampness, 2.92-3.83; changing quilt cover/bedsheet/pillow case, 0.66-0.75). The decrease in the absolute humidity gradient between indoors and outdoors that occurs with increased air change rate may explain why a high ventilation reduces house dust mite allergen concentration. The findings of this study show the importance of ventilation and cleaning for controlling house dust mite allergens. We found that the decrease in additional absolute humidity (e.g., humidity -humidity ) with increased air change rate may be the main reason that a high ventilation rate reduces house dust mite allergen concentration. Ventilation and cleaning should be both considered for creating a healthy home environment.
屋尘螨是儿童哮喘和过敏的主要过敏原。为了研究中国东北地区屋尘螨过敏原暴露水平及其与室内环境因素和清洁习惯的关系，我们对天津地区的 399 户家庭进行了调查，并从床垫上采集了灰尘。采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）方法检测粉尘中屋尘螨（Der f）和粉尘螨（Der p）过敏原。春、夏、秋、冬总过敏原浓度的中位数分别为 524ng/g、351ng/g、1022ng/g、1010ng/g。室内空气相对湿度（RH）高、空气交换率低、室内潮湿、频繁更换被褥/床单/枕套与屋尘螨过敏原浓度高显著相关（相对风险[RR]：RH，1.18-1.34；空气交换率，0.97-1.00；潮湿，2.92-3.83；频繁更换被褥/床单/枕套，0.66-0.75）。空气交换率增加导致室内外绝对湿度梯度减小，可能是通风降低屋尘螨过敏原浓度的原因。本研究结果表明通风和清洁对于控制屋尘螨过敏原的重要性。我们发现，空气交换率增加导致的额外绝对湿度（例如，湿度 -湿度 ）减少可能是高通风率降低屋尘螨过敏原浓度的主要原因。通风和清洁都应该考虑在内，以创造一个健康的家庭环境。
