Nabavi Seyed Hamid, Asadi-Lari Mohsen, Mousavi Mir-Taher, Rashedi Vahid, Fadayevatan Reza
Iranian Research Center on Aging, Department of Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2021 Dec 30;35:188. doi: 10.47176/mjiri.35.188. eCollection 2021.
Social capital (SC) is an essential concept of communities, and there is more SC inequality. In the current study, we studied SC Inequality concerning the explanatory socioeconomic factors. In a cross-sectional observational study, the household data were retrieved from an Urban Health Equity Assessment and Response Tool survey in 2011. Over 5000 elderlies in Tehran (> 60 years old) consented toparticipate in the study and filled out 2 SC questionnaires (SCQ) and a household properties questionnaire (HPQ). Subsequently, the collected HPQ data were then statistically analyzed and used to measure the economic status of households. Besides, the statistical concentration index of the SC was applied to measure socioeconomic inequality and decomposed into its determinants using both SCQ and HPQ data collections. The concentration index and the decomposition analysis were used to analyze the study data. The overall concentration index of the SC in Tehran senior citizens was 0.059 (95%CI,0.044-0.076). Among the SC dimensions, collective activity, social coherence, voluntary help, and social network were more concentrated in the poor older adults. Simultaneously, reciprocity was more focused onthe wealthy class, and there was no inequality in trust. The decomposition of the concentration index showed that economic status made the most considerable contribution to the SC inequality among citizens (69.11%), followed by the level of education (12.695) and the elderlies'job type (9.58%). Given that the economic status and level of education are the 2 main determinants of SC inequality, a holistic policy approach should be adopted to address the socioeconomic inequalities that are taken root in Tehran's senior communities.
社会资本（SC）是社区的一个重要概念，并且存在更多的社会资本不平等现象。在本研究中，我们研究了与解释性社会经济因素相关的社会资本不平等。在一项横断面观察性研究中，家庭数据取自2011年城市健康公平评估与响应工具调查。德黑兰5000多名老年人（年龄>60岁）同意参与研究，并填写了两份社会资本问卷（SCQ）和一份家庭财产问卷（HPQ）。随后，对收集到的HPQ数据进行统计分析，并用于衡量家庭的经济状况。此外，应用社会资本的统计集中指数来衡量社会经济不平等，并使用SCQ和HPQ数据收集将其分解为决定因素。使用集中指数和分解分析来分析研究数据。德黑兰老年人社会资本的总体集中指数为0.059（95%置信区间，0.044 - 0.076）。在社会资本维度中，集体活动、社会凝聚力、志愿帮助和社会网络在贫困老年人中更为集中。同时，互惠更多地集中在富裕阶层，信任方面不存在不平等。集中指数的分解表明，经济状况对公民社会资本不平等的贡献最大（69.11%），其次是教育水平（12.695）和老年人的工作类型（9.58%）。鉴于经济状况和教育水平是社会资本不平等的两个主要决定因素，应采取整体政策方法来解决在德黑兰老年社区根深蒂固的社会经济不平等问题。
