Wang Xi, Mu Qi, Luo Man-Ya, Zhao Yong-Hua, Yang Shu-Yuan, Zhang Lei, Qu Zhi
College of Land Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China.
Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710054, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2022 Aug;33(8):2057-2067. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202208.019.
The Qinling Mountains are an important ecological function area in China. Exploring the trade-offs and synergies of ecosystem services is important for ecological protection and sustainable development in the Qinling Mountains. In this study, we analyzed the spatio-temporal variations of land uses in the Qinling Mountains in 2000, 2010 and 2020 based on remote sensing, meteorological, and soil texture data. The amounts of carbon sequestration, water yield, habitat quality, and soil conservation were calculated with CASA, InVEST and RUSLE models. The relationships between its spatially heterogeneous characteristics and various ecosystem services were analyzed. The results showed that, from 2000 to 2020, the area of arable land and grassland in the study area continued to decrease, the area of forest and building land increased, and the change of water body and unused land was not noticeable. Carbon sequestration was high in the east and low in the west, with an increasing trend. Water production continued to decrease, showing a tendency of higher on the south slope and lower on the north slope. Habitat quality increased steadily, while soil conservation increased and then decreased. Ecosystem services varied across land classes and across ecosystems in the same land class. In general, there was a synergistic relationship between carbon sequestration and soil conservation, habitat quality and soil conservation, carbon sequestration, and habitat quality. There was trade-off between carbon sequestration and water production, soil conservation and water production, habitat quality, and water production. There were significant differences in the relationship between service volumes under different conditions. The results could reduce the risk of trade-offs and maximize overall benefits, and provide a reference for promoting ecologically high-quality development and achieving a win-win situation for natural resource management and human well-being.
秦岭是中国重要的生态功能区。探索生态系统服务的权衡与协同关系对于秦岭的生态保护和可持续发展至关重要。在本研究中，我们基于遥感、气象和土壤质地数据，分析了2000年、2010年和2020年秦岭地区土地利用的时空变化。利用CASA、InVEST和RUSLE模型计算了碳固存、产水量、栖息地质量和土壤保持量。分析了其空间异质性特征与各种生态系统服务之间的关系。结果表明，2000年至2020年，研究区耕地和草地面积持续减少，森林和建设用地面积增加，水体和未利用地变化不明显。碳固存在东部较高，西部较低，且呈增加趋势。产水量持续下降，呈现南坡较高、北坡较低的趋势。栖息地质量稳步提高，而土壤保持量先增加后减少。生态系统服务在不同土地类型以及同一土地类型内的不同生态系统之间存在差异。总体而言，碳固存与土壤保持、栖息地质量与土壤保持、碳固存与栖息地质量之间存在协同关系。碳固存与产水量、土壤保持与产水量、栖息地质量与产水量之间存在权衡关系。不同条件下服务量之间的关系存在显著差异。研究结果可以降低权衡风险并使整体效益最大化，为促进生态高质量发展以及实现自然资源管理与人类福祉双赢提供参考。
