LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2024 Feb;50(1):319-330. doi: 10.1007/s10695-022-01116-x. Epub 2022 Aug 31.
Bile acids (BAs) are a class of cholesterol-derived amphipathic molecules approved as new animal feed additives. However, the functional researches mainly focused on BAs mixture, and the influence of the individual BA on fishes was still limited. In the present study, Nile tilapia were fed basal diet with three levels of sodium taurocholate at 0 mg/kg (CON), 300 mg/kg (TCAL), and 600 mg/kg (TCAH) for 8 weeks. The results indicated that addition of sodium taurocholate did not significantly influence the growth performance. Instead, TCAH group had higher cholesterol accumulation with liver fibrosis. In TCAH group, the level of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (nrf2) signaling-associated oxidative stress factors significantly increased in the liver. Additionally, fish in TCAH group had the highest expression level of genes encoding endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and inflammatory cytokines in the liver. In conclusion, 300 mg/kg of sodium taurocholate did not significantly influence the growth performance of fish, while 600 mg/kg of sodium taurocholate markedly induced cholesterol accumulation and liver injury, suggesting that the application of taurocholic acid in aquafeed should be re-evaluated.
胆汁酸（BAs）是一类胆固醇衍生的两亲分子，被批准作为新型动物饲料添加剂。然而，功能研究主要集中在 BAs 混合物上，对鱼类中单个 BA 的影响仍有限。在本研究中，尼罗罗非鱼用含有 0 mg/kg（CON）、300 mg/kg（TCAL）和 600 mg/kg（TCAH）牛磺胆酸钠的基础饲料喂养 8 周。结果表明，添加牛磺胆酸钠对生长性能没有显著影响。相反，TCAH 组的胆固醇积累和肝纤维化程度更高。在 TCAH 组中，肝脏中核因子 E2 相关因子 2（nrf2）信号相关氧化应激因子的水平显著升高。此外，TCAH 组鱼肝脏中内质网（ER）应激和炎症细胞因子的编码基因表达水平最高。总之，300 mg/kg 的牛磺胆酸钠对鱼类的生长性能没有显著影响，而 600 mg/kg 的牛磺胆酸钠则明显诱导了胆固醇积累和肝损伤，提示应重新评估牛磺胆酸在水产饲料中的应用。
