Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2022 Sep-Oct;42(5):639-646. doi: 10.11607/prd.6036.
The present study evaluated the 2-year changes in soft tissue width after implant placement in healed sites, using two different methodologies to obtain tissue healing: preformed and anatomical abutment caps for customized healing (test) vs conventional healing abutments (control). The null hypothesis was that there would be no difference between the test group and the control group. Patients who suffered from a single-tooth edentulous area in the premolar/molar region were included. Both the standard abutments and the preformed and anatomical abutment caps were immediately screwed on the implants. The final crown restoration was fabricated 3 months later. Primary outcomes (changes in the alveolar soft tissue ridge) and secondary outcomes (testing adverse events and measuring implant/prosthesis survival) were evaluated. Thirty-nine patients (24 women) with a mean age of 57.7 ± 7.1 years (range: 42.6 to 72.8 years) were included. Alveolar widths in both groups showed significant increases from baseline to the 3-month follow-up, with augmentations of 3.6 ± 0.7 mm for the test group and 1.1 ± 0.9 mm for the control group. The gain in soft tissue appeared to be statistically different between the two groups (P < .0001). Contrarily, any subsequent change in width from 3 months to 2 years was negligible and insignificant (< 0.33 mm for both groups). The technique described in the present study encourages the potential for alternative healing based on the guided soft tissue concept, as it either eliminated the need for second-stage surgery or it reduced step-by-step peri-implant soft tissue conditioning, obtaining a tissue contour immediately very similar to that of a final prosthesis.
本研究评估了在愈合部位植入后 2 年内软组织宽度的变化，使用两种不同的方法获得组织愈合：预制和解剖基台帽用于定制愈合（测试）与传统愈合基台（对照）。零假设是测试组和对照组之间没有差异。纳入的患者为前磨牙/磨牙区单个缺牙的患者。标准基台和预制及解剖基台帽均立即拧在种植体上。3 个月后制作最终的牙冠修复体。主要结局（牙槽嵴软组织的变化）和次要结局（测试不良事件和测量种植体/修复体的存活率）进行评估。共纳入 39 名患者（24 名女性），平均年龄为 57.7 ± 7.1 岁（范围：42.6 至 72.8 岁）。两组的牙槽宽度均从基线到 3 个月随访时显著增加，测试组增加 3.6 ± 0.7mm，对照组增加 1.1 ± 0.9mm。两组间软组织的增加有统计学差异（P<0.0001）。相反，从 3 个月到 2 年的任何后续宽度变化都微不足道且无统计学意义（两组均<0.33mm）。本研究中描述的技术基于引导软组织概念鼓励替代愈合的潜力，因为它要么消除了二期手术的需要，要么减少了逐步的种植体周围软组织处理，获得与最终修复体非常相似的组织轮廓。
