School of Logistics and Transportation, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, Hunan, China.
Comput Intell Neurosci. 2022 Aug 21;2022:1517280. doi: 10.1155/2022/1517280. eCollection 2022.
It is well known that stability, center-of-gravity balance, and concentrated-weight are key factors of the transportation safety. The reasonable formulation of the loading layout scheme ensures the safety of shipment based on fully utilizing the effective volume and load capacity of freight vehicles. This paper takes the railway mixed goods loading layout as the research object, considering the constraints such as goods loading center-of-gravity balance, the allowable moment of concentrated-weight, supporting and goods placement mode, and taking the maximum comprehensive utilization rates for both effective volume and load capacity of freight vehicle as the optimization objective, an optimization model of railway mixed goods balanced and anticoncentrated-weight loading layout considering stability is built. Additionally, this paper designs mixed goods classified and simple/general goods block composition methods. We improve the representation and selection of layout space, construct goods block selection algorithm based on the greedy d-step lookahead tree search and goods block evaluation function and propose a goods block placement strategy and update rules of layout space after goods block placement. An optimization algorithm of railway mixed goods balanced and anticoncentrated-weight load layout considering stability is designed. The results show that the formulated scheme not only ensures that the goods meet the full support constraints, but also the comprehensive utilization rate of the effective volume and load capacity of the vehicle is not less than 89%, and the probability of meeting the loading center-of-gravity balance and allowable moment of concentrated-weight are as high as 99% and 99.47%, respectively. The proposed method realizes the balanced and anticoncentrated-weight loading of railway mixed goods, ensures the safe, stable, and efficient goods loading, and provides decision support for the safe loading layout of railway goods.
众所周知，稳定性、重心平衡和集中重量是运输安全的关键因素。合理制定装载布局方案，在充分利用货运车辆有效容积和载重量的基础上，确保运输安全。本文以铁路混合货物装载布局为研究对象，考虑货物装载重心平衡、集中重量允许力矩、支撑和货物放置方式等约束条件，以货运车辆有效容积和载重量的综合利用率最大为优化目标，建立了考虑稳定性的铁路混合货物均衡和防集中重量装载布局优化模型。此外，本文设计了混合货物分类和简单/通用货物块组成方法。我们改进了布局空间的表示和选择，构建了基于贪婪 d 步前瞻性树搜索和货物块评价函数的货物块选择算法，并提出了货物块放置策略和布局空间更新规则。设计了一种考虑稳定性的铁路混合货物均衡和防集中重量装载布局优化算法。结果表明，所制定的方案不仅保证货物满足完全支撑约束，而且车辆有效容积和载重量的综合利用率不低于 89%，满足装载重心平衡和允许集中重量的概率分别高达 99%和 99.47%。该方法实现了铁路混合货物的均衡和防集中重量装载，保证了货物运输的安全、稳定和高效，为铁路货物的安全装载布局提供了决策支持。
