Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen.
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne.
Emotion. 2023 Jun;23(4):1040-1047. doi: 10.1037/emo0001123. Epub 2022 Sep 1.
Most people tend to overstate positive aspects of their experiences, that is, a positive valence bias. However, some people tend to have attenuated attention for negative aspects of perceived information, that is, negative valence bias. This dispositional tendency in either valence is especially significant for emotion regulation as it influences the intensity of later stages of emotional experiences. Heart rate variability (HRV) is used as an index of emotion regulation and for the effect dispositional valence bias has on social cognition. The aim of the current study was to investigate whether a positivity or negativity bias in processing ambiguous facial expressions would predict high or lower HRV, respectively, in a healthy sample. The Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test was presented to a sample of 128 healthy participants (N = 86 women participants), and resting HRV was acquired. In multiple linear regression analyses, the mean accuracy scores for items with positive, negative, and neutral valences were included as predictors of HRV. As a follow-up analysis, we tested whether a general tendency to interpret negative stimulus as positive, that is, a positivity bias, predicted HRV. Higher accuracy on items with negative emotional valence predicted lower HRV. There was no association between accuracy scores on items of positive or neutral valence and HRV. Higher positivity bias predicted higher HRV. The present findings suggest that a dispositional valence bias relates to levels of HRV and, as such, is influenced by the functioning of the vagal system. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
大多数人往往会夸大自己经历中的积极方面，这就是正性偏向。然而，有些人往往对感知信息的消极方面的注意力减弱，即负性偏向。这种在任一种效价上的倾向性对情绪调节特别重要，因为它会影响情绪体验后期阶段的强度。心率变异性（HRV）被用作情绪调节的指标，以及倾向的效价偏差对社会认知的影响。本研究的目的是调查处理模糊面部表情时的正性或负性偏向是否分别预测健康样本中的 HRV 较高或较低。向 128 名健康参与者（N=86 名女性参与者）呈现了“读心测试”，并采集了静息 HRV。在多元线性回归分析中，将具有正性、负性和中性效价的项目的平均准确率分数作为 HRV 的预测指标。作为后续分析，我们测试了是否有一种将负性刺激解释为正性的普遍倾向，即正性偏向，是否可以预测 HRV。对具有负性情绪效价的项目的准确率越高，HRV 越低。对具有正性或中性效价的项目的准确率分数与 HRV 之间没有关联。较高的正性偏向预测 HRV 较高。本研究结果表明，倾向性效价偏差与 HRV 水平有关，因此受到迷走神经系统功能的影响。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2023 APA，保留所有权利）。
