Balius Ramon, Pedret Carles, Estrada-Alarcón Paula, Corominas Hèctor
Consell Català de l´Esport, Generalitat de Catalunya; Servei d´ecografía clínica, Clínica Diagonal, Barcelona.
Servei d´ecografía clínica, Clínica Diagonal, Barcelona.
Eur J Rheumatol. 2022 Sep 1;11(3):S305-S315. doi: 10.5152/eurjrheum.2022.21131.
Musculoskeletal ultrasound has become a practical and accessible diagnostic tool for musculoskeletal diseases. It is used to examine joints, tendons, vessels, and nerves due to its wide availability in rheumatology practice. Ultrasound has also been applied for years in other areas such as muscular injuries in sports activities and rheumatic diseases with inflammation such as myositis. The knowledge among rheumatologists about muscle ultrasound is increasingly growing taking into account it is not the main target of their ultrasound activity but mainly based on the evaluation of joint, synovitis, tenosynovitis, vasculitis in giant cell arteritis, and parotid gland evaluation in Sjögren´s syndrome. Thus, the present review describes anatomical and ultrasound findings including all muscles of the thigh (anterior, posterior, medial aspects) and leg (anterior, lateral, posterior superficial, deep posterior compartments) of lower limb structures to ease a comprehensive clinical and sonographic evaluation.
肌肉骨骼超声已成为一种用于诊断肌肉骨骼疾病的实用且可及的诊断工具。由于其在风湿病学实践中广泛可用，它被用于检查关节、肌腱、血管和神经。超声多年来也一直应用于其他领域，如体育活动中的肌肉损伤以及诸如肌炎等伴有炎症的风湿性疾病。考虑到肌肉超声并非风湿病学家超声检查活动的主要目标，他们对肌肉超声的了解正日益增加，而这主要基于对关节、滑膜炎、腱鞘炎、巨细胞动脉炎中的血管炎以及干燥综合征中的腮腺评估。因此，本综述描述了包括下肢结构的大腿所有肌肉（前侧、后侧、内侧）和小腿（前侧、外侧、后侧浅部、深部后间隔）的解剖和超声检查结果，以便于进行全面的临床和超声评估。
