音乐与美术专业学生教育过程中的心理变化：一项比较纵向研究。

Psychological Changes of Music and Fine Arts Students in the Education Process: A Comparative Longitudinal Study.

机构信息

Dep. of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Dean's Building B4-26, Dumlupınar Avenue 07070, Konyaaltı, Antalya, Turkey. Tel +90 242 2496944.

出版信息

Med Probl Perform Art. 2022 Sep;37(3):165-175. doi: 10.21091/mppa.2022.3024.

DOI:10.21091/mppa.2022.3024

PMID:36053494

Abstract

BACKGROUND

This study aimed to determine the changes in psychological distress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms in students from the fine arts faculty in the first 2 years of their education in Turkey, in comparison with students from other faculties, and to reveal the causes of psychological distress, anxiety, and depression in fine arts students.

METHODS

The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were applied to students from Faculty of Fine Arts and the Faculties of Economics and Sport Sciences (controls) in the first week of the 2017-2018 academic year. Students also completed a questionnaire measuring their possible stressful life events (at timepoint T1). The process was repeated for the same students in the second year (T2). The changes between the two time¬points were examined prospectively.

RESULTS

A total of 96 fine arts students agreed to participate at T1 and 66 at T2 (68.8%); for the controls, it was 259 at T1 and 182 (70.3%) at T2. The fine arts students at T1 included 15 music majors, 45 cinema and television, and 36 handi¬crafts, sculpture, and painting. Their average age at T1 was 21.0 yrs (SD 5.8) and 54.2% were male; for the other students, it was 19.4 yrs (2.7) and 56.0% male. Fine arts students' GHQ-12 score averages increased significantly from T1 to T2 (11.7 to 14.3, p=0.002). Their BDI score averages increased from 10.3 to 12.3 (p=0.044). Moreover, their S-Anxiety score averages increased from 41.1 at T1 to 44.1 at T2 (p=0.008). However, the increase in T-Anxiety scores was not statistically significant. None of the control students' test scores varied between the two timepoints (p>0.05). At T2, for fine arts students, there was no significant difference between female and male students in terms of GHQ-12, BDI, and S-Anxiety scores. However, T-anxiety scores were higher in female students. By linear regression analysis, "worrying about the future (individual)" was found to be a determinant on all scale scores in fine arts students.

CONCLUSION

The psychological indicators increased significantly in fine arts students during the first year of their education.

摘要

背景

本研究旨在比较土耳其美术专业学生与其他专业学生在教育的头两年中心理困扰、焦虑和抑郁症状的变化，并揭示美术学生心理困扰、焦虑和抑郁的原因。

方法

在 2017-2018 学年的第一周，向美术学院学生和经济与体育科学学院（对照组）的学生发放一般健康问卷（GHQ-12）、贝克抑郁量表（BDI）和斯皮尔伯格状态-特质焦虑量表（STAI）。学生还填写了一份关于他们可能的生活压力事件的问卷（在时间点 T1）。然后在第二年（T2）对同一批学生进行重复测量。前瞻性地检查两个时间点之间的变化。

结果

共有 96 名美术专业学生在 T1 时同意参加，66 名学生在 T2 时同意参加（68.8%）；对照组中，259 名学生在 T1 时同意参加，182 名学生在 T2 时同意参加（70.3%）。T1 时的美术专业学生中，15 名音乐专业，45 名电影电视专业，36 名手工艺、雕塑和绘画专业。他们的平均年龄在 T1 时为 21.0 岁（SD 5.8），54.2%为男性；其他学生的平均年龄为 19.4 岁（2.7），56.0%为男性。美术专业学生的 GHQ-12 评分平均值从 T1 到 T2 显著增加（11.7 到 14.3，p=0.002）。他们的 BDI 评分平均值从 10.3 增加到 12.3（p=0.044）。此外，他们的 S-焦虑评分平均值从 T1 的 41.1 增加到 T2 的 44.1（p=0.008）。然而，T 焦虑评分的增加并不具有统计学意义。对照组学生在两个时间点的测试分数均无差异（p>0.05）。在 T2 时，对于美术专业学生，在 GHQ-12、BDI 和 S-焦虑评分方面，男女学生之间没有显著差异。然而，女性学生的 T 焦虑评分较高。通过线性回归分析，发现“对未来的担忧（个体）”是影响美术学生所有评分的决定因素。