Hundert E M
Am J Psychiatry. 1987 Jul;144(7):839-46. doi: 10.1176/ajp.144.7.839.
Despite the dramatic increase over recent years in the research and teaching of medical ethics, there exists no theoretical framework within which to conceptualize ethical problems in medicine, to say nothing of solutions to these problems. The model proposed here attempts to fill this void by developing a conceptual understanding of the nature of moral dilemmas that can be applied to both theoretical and practical problems in medicine. Practical applications are demonstrated in three areas: personal ethical problem solving, hospital ethics committees, and the teaching of medical ethics. Suggestions are offered for the extension of these and other applications of the model, a model proposed as a foundation to be built upon through further research and daily experiences in a world of conflicting values.
尽管近年来医学伦理学的研究和教学有了显著增长，但目前尚无一个理论框架可用于将医学中的伦理问题概念化，更不用说解决这些问题了。这里提出的模型试图通过对道德困境的本质形成一种概念理解来填补这一空白，这种理解可应用于医学中的理论和实际问题。在三个领域展示了实际应用：个人伦理问题解决、医院伦理委员会以及医学伦理学教学。针对该模型的这些及其他应用的扩展提出了建议，此模型被提议作为一个基础，以便在一个充满冲突价值观的世界中通过进一步研究和日常经验加以完善。
