Stefanovics Elina A, Potenza Marc N
Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs New England Mental Illness Research and Education Clinical Center (MIRECC), West Haven, CT, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA; Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Division on Addictions Research at Yale, Yale Impulsivity Research Program, Yale Center of Excellence in Gambling Research, Women and Addictions Core of Women's Health Research at Yale, Neuroscience and Child Study, Yale University School of Medicine, 1 Church Street, Room 726, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2022 Sep;45(3):483-502. doi: 10.1016/j.psc.2022.04.004. Epub 2022 Jul 31.
Gambling disorder (GD) is estimated to be experienced by about 0.5% of the adult population in the United States. The etiology of GD is complex and includes genetic and environmental factors. Specific populations appear particularly vulnerable to GD. GD often goes unrecognized and untreated. GD often co-occurs with other conditions, particularly psychiatric disorders. Behavioral interventions are supported in the treatment of GD. No medications have a formal indication for the GD, although clinical trials suggest some may be helpful. Noninvasive neuromodulation is being explored as a possible treatment. Improved identification, prevention, and treatment of GD are warranted.
据估计，美国约0.5%的成年人口患有赌博障碍（GD）。GD的病因复杂，包括遗传和环境因素。特定人群似乎特别容易患GD。GD常常未被识别和治疗。GD常与其他疾病同时出现，尤其是精神疾病。行为干预在GD治疗中得到支持。尽管临床试验表明有些药物可能有帮助，但尚无药物有治疗GD的正式适应症。非侵入性神经调节正在作为一种可能的治疗方法进行探索。有必要改进对GD的识别、预防和治疗。
