Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 603203, India.
Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 603203, India.
Hum Immunol. 2022 Nov;83(11):768-777. doi: 10.1016/j.humimm.2022.08.012. Epub 2022 Aug 31.
Cancer is a disease having global consequences. Though several new strategies and treatments have been developed so far, they often come with malicious side effects and this paved ways for demand of naturally extracted/driven product as potent anti-cancer agent owing to their reduced toxicity and side effects. One such common Indian household plant Neem (Azadirachta Indica) and its extract have variegated immunomodulatory effects as anti-cancer agent. Neem Leaf Glycoprotein (NLGP) modifies immune cells present in the tumor surroundings as well as in the peripheral system, rather than directly attacking the cancer cells. NLGP acts as a natural immunomodulator showing several functions like sustained tumor growth regulation by stimulating central and effector memory cells as a vaccination adjuvant, normalization of angiogenic activities, controls hypoxia, improves immune evasion techniques as well as suppresses the activity of several immunological cells (Tregs, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and tumor-associated macrophages) which promote tumor growth and metastasis in the tumor microenvironment (TME). NLGP prioritises type1 immune-microenvironment which consists of T-betIFN-γ-producing group 1 innate lymphoid cell (ILC) (ILC1 and natural killer cells), CD8 cytotoxic T cells (TC1), and CD4 T helper1 (Th1) cells. In this review we aim to summarize detailed activity of NLGP in cancer immunoregulation.
癌症是一种具有全球影响的疾病。尽管迄今为止已经开发出了几种新的策略和治疗方法，但它们往往伴随着恶性副作用，这就需要从天然提取/驱动的产品中寻找有效的抗癌药物，因为它们的毒性和副作用较小。印度常见的家庭植物尼姆（印楝）及其提取物就是一种具有多种免疫调节作用的抗癌药物。尼姆叶糖蛋白（NLGP）修饰肿瘤周围和外周系统中的免疫细胞，而不是直接攻击癌细胞。NLGP 作为一种天然免疫调节剂，具有多种功能，如作为疫苗佐剂刺激中央和效应记忆细胞，持续调节肿瘤生长，使血管生成活动正常化，控制缺氧，改善免疫逃逸技术，并抑制促进肿瘤生长和转移的几种免疫细胞（Tregs、髓源性抑制细胞和肿瘤相关巨噬细胞）的活性在肿瘤微环境（TME）中。NLGP 优先考虑由 T-bet IFN-γ 产生的第 1 型免疫微环境，该微环境由 1 型固有淋巴细胞（ILC）（ILC1 和自然杀伤细胞）、CD8 细胞毒性 T 细胞（TC1）和 CD4 辅助性 T 细胞 1（Th1）组成。在这篇综述中，我们旨在总结 NLGP 在癌症免疫调节中的详细作用。
