Genome Center and Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Genome Center and Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Trends Genet. 2023 Jan;39(1):34-45. doi: 10.1016/j.tig.2022.08.003. Epub 2022 Aug 31.
Chromoanagenesis is a single catastrophic event that involves, in most cases, localized chromosomal shattering and reorganization, resulting in a dramatically restructured chromosome. First discovered in cancer cells, it has since been observed in various other systems, including plants. In this review, we discuss the origin, characteristics, and potential mechanisms underlying chromoanagenesis in plants. We report that multiple processes, including mutagenesis and genetic engineering, can trigger chromoanagenesis via a variety of mechanisms such as micronucleation, breakage-fusion-bridge (BFB) cycles, or chain-like translocations. The resulting rearranged chromosomes can be preserved during subsequent plant growth, and sometimes inherited to the next generation. Because of their high tolerance to genome restructuring, plants offer a unique system for investigating the evolutionary consequences and potential practical applications of chromoanagenesis.
染色体重组是一个单一的灾难性事件，涉及大多数情况下的局部染色体破碎和重组，导致染色体结构的剧烈重排。该现象最初在癌细胞中发现，此后在包括植物在内的各种其他系统中也观察到。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了植物中染色体重组的起源、特征和潜在机制。我们报告说，多种过程，包括诱变和遗传工程，可以通过多种机制触发染色体重组，如微核形成、断裂-融合-桥接（BFB）循环或链状易位。在随后的植物生长过程中，这些重排的染色体可以被保留下来，有时甚至可以遗传到下一代。由于植物对基因组重排具有很高的耐受性，因此它们为研究染色体重组的进化后果和潜在实际应用提供了一个独特的系统。
