Yip Charles Chiu Hung, Fung Winnie Tsz Wa, Leung Donald Chi Kin, Chan Kevin Ka Shing
Department of Psychology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong.
Centre for Psychosocial Health, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong.
Qual Life Res. 2023 Jan;32(1):161-170. doi: 10.1007/s11136-022-03218-8. Epub 2022 Sep 2.
The present study aimed to investigate how the interpersonal (experienced discrimination) and intrapersonal (anticipated stigma and internalized stigma) manifestations of psychiatric stigma may affect engaged living and life satisfaction among people with mental illness. In this study, we developed and evaluated a conceptual model to clarify how experienced discrimination may lead to anticipated stigma and internalized stigma and thereby impede engaged living and reduce life satisfaction.
A total of 205 Hong Kong Chinese people with mental illness completed standardized questionnaire measures of experienced discrimination, anticipated stigma, internalized stigma, engaged living, and life satisfaction. The associations among these variables were analyzed using path analyses and bootstrap analyses.
Path analyses showed that experienced discrimination was related to higher levels of anticipated stigma and internalized stigma, which were, in turn, linked to lesser engaged living and consequently lower life satisfaction. Bootstrap analyses further revealed that experienced discrimination had significant indirect effects on life satisfaction via anticipated stigma and engaged living and via internalized stigma and engaged living.
Theoretically, our study uncovers how the interpersonal and intrapersonal manifestations of psychiatric stigma may adversely affect engaged living and life satisfaction among people with mental illness. Practically, our study points to the importance of developing and implementing stigma-related interventions at societal and individual levels in order to enable people with mental illness to live fulfilling and satisfying lives.
本研究旨在探讨精神疾病污名的人际（经历的歧视）和人际内（预期的污名和内化的污名）表现如何影响精神疾病患者的积极生活和生活满意度。在本研究中，我们构建并评估了一个概念模型，以阐明经历的歧视如何导致预期的污名和内化的污名，从而阻碍积极生活并降低生活满意度。
共有205名患有精神疾病的中国香港人完成了关于经历的歧视、预期的污名、内化的污名、积极生活和生活满意度的标准化问卷调查。使用路径分析和自抽样分析来分析这些变量之间的关联。
路径分析表明，经历的歧视与更高水平的预期污名和内化的污名相关，而这反过来又与较少的积极生活相关，进而导致较低的生活满意度。自抽样分析进一步揭示，经历的歧视通过预期的污名和积极生活以及通过内化的污名和积极生活对生活满意度有显著的间接影响。
从理论上讲，我们的研究揭示了精神疾病污名的人际和人际内表现如何对精神疾病患者的积极生活和生活满意度产生不利影响。在实践中，我们的研究指出了在社会和个人层面制定和实施与污名相关的干预措施的重要性，以使精神疾病患者能够过上充实和满意的生活。
