Lee Angela Wang
Harvard University, Department of Sociology, 33 Kirkland St., 6th Floor Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
Soc Sci Res. 2022 Sep;107:102745. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2022.102745. Epub 2022 Jun 3.
It is difficult to study the gender wealth gap because wealth is usually measured at the household level, and men and women often live in the same household. I use person-level measures of wealth, attributing to each person the assets and debts owned in their name, to study the gender wealth gap in the United States among working age people. Using the Survey of Income and Program Participation, I find that the existence of the gender wealth gap is primarily explained by the gender income gap. However, although the gender income gap has narrowed, the gender wealth gap has widened from the mid-1990s to the mid-2010s. This widening occurred across the wealth distribution and among almost every subgroup by marital status, education, race, and age. This widening of the gender wealth gap cannot be explained by changes in socioeconomic characteristics but is consistent with the trend of increasing wealth inequality.
研究性别财富差距很困难，因为财富通常是在家庭层面衡量的，而男性和女性往往生活在同一家庭中。我使用个人层面的财富衡量方法，将以个人名义拥有的资产和债务归属于每个人，以研究美国劳动年龄人群中的性别财富差距。通过收入与项目参与调查，我发现性别财富差距的存在主要由性别收入差距来解释。然而，尽管性别收入差距已经缩小，但从20世纪90年代中期到21世纪10年代中期，性别财富差距却有所扩大。这种扩大在整个财富分布中都存在，并且在几乎每个按婚姻状况、教育程度、种族和年龄划分的子群体中都出现了。性别财富差距的这种扩大无法用社会经济特征的变化来解释，但与财富不平等加剧的趋势是一致的。
