Suppr超能文献

2012-2022 年,在伊利诺伊州芝加哥库克县法医办公室进行的法医人类学案例工作。

Forensic anthropology casework at the Cook County Illinois Medical Examiner's Office, Chicago, IL, 2012-2022.

机构信息

Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.

Department of Anthropology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

出版信息

J Forensic Sci. 2022 Nov;67(6):2165-2172. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.15130. Epub 2022 Sep 4.

Abstract

Forensic anthropology has grown in recent years with increased methodological standardization, technical advancements, and increasing numbers of academic institutions offering coursework and programs at the undergraduate and graduate levels. However, few practicing forensic anthropologists publish the composition of their casework, resulting in limited understanding of the true mechanics of the field by academics and forensic professionals. This study reports on forensic anthropology casework at the Cook County Medical Examiner's Office between March 2012 and February 2022. A total of 132 cases were evaluated. Results indicate that peak months of discovery were June (n = 19) and September (n = 17), with the fewest in January (n = 5). Most discovery contexts were outdoor surface recoveries (n = 55) and were fully skeletonized (n = 47). The majority of consultation requests consisted of biological profile estimation (n = 99). An average of 77.1 days elapsed from discovery to anthropology consult, 60.3 days from consultation to anthropological analysis, and 14.1 days from analysis to report submission. Assessment of the data indicates that the impact of seasonal variation, changing Medical Examiner personnel, as well as the complexity of cases influence forensic anthropology casework in Cook County. Report and discussion of forensic anthropologists' casework strengthens our understanding of the field, allows for the formulation of best practices, and serves as data upon which decisions regarding protocol, funding, resources, and need can be based. With additional practitioners collecting and sharing their data, a clearer understanding of the scope and utility of the field will be appreciated by colleagues and the greater forensic scientific community.

摘要

近年来,随着方法标准化、技术进步以及越来越多的学术机构提供本科和研究生课程,法医人类学得到了发展。然而,很少有实际的法医人类学家公布其案例工作的组成,导致学术界和法医专业人员对该领域的真正机制了解有限。本研究报告了 2012 年 3 月至 2022 年 2 月期间库克县法医办公室的法医人类学案例工作。共评估了 132 个案例。结果表明,发现的高峰期是 6 月(n=19)和 9 月(n=17),而 1 月(n=5)最少。大多数发现环境是户外表面回收(n=55),并且完全骨骼化(n=47)。大多数咨询请求都包括生物特征估计(n=99)。从发现到人类学咨询平均需要 77.1 天,从咨询到人类学分析需要 60.3 天,从分析到报告提交需要 14.1 天。对数据的评估表明,季节性变化、法医人员变动以及案件的复杂性都会对库克县的法医人类学案例工作产生影响。法医人类学家案例工作的报告和讨论加强了我们对该领域的理解,有助于制定最佳实践,并为有关协议、资金、资源和需求的决策提供数据依据。随着更多从业者收集和分享他们的数据,同事和更广泛的法医科学界将更好地理解该领域的范围和实用性。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2e8f/9826353/03ffad9a25ec/JFO-67-2165-g001.jpg

文献AI研究员

20分钟写一篇综述,助力文献阅读效率提升50倍。

立即体验

用中文搜PubMed

大模型驱动的PubMed中文搜索引擎

马上搜索

文档翻译

学术文献翻译模型,支持多种主流文档格式。

立即体验