Medial oblique malleolar osteotomy for approach of medial osteochondral lesion of the talus.

PURPOSE

The medial malleolar osteotomy is commonly performed to gain access to the medial talar dome for treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus. The primary aim of this study was to assess osseous healing based on postoperative radiographs to determine consolidation, non-union and malreduction rates.

METHODS

Sixty-seven cases were reviewed where an oblique uniplanar medial malleolar osteotomy was performed to gain access to the medial talar dome for addressing an osteochondral lesion. Two, respectively three fully threaded 3.5 mm corticalis screws were used to fixate the osteotomy. Postoperative radiographs were reviewed to assess consolidation, non-union, malreduction and dislocation of the osteotomy.

RESULTS

Out of 67 patients, 66 patients had a consolidation of the osteotomy. 23.9% of the cases showed malreduction of the osteotomy. One patient suffered a non-union, which required a revision surgery. No significant difference was shown between two and three screws used for fixation in terms of malreduction and consolidation of the osteotomy. Eighty-four percent of the patients underwent hardware removal due to pain or medial impingement.

CONCLUSION

The oblique medial malleolar osteotomy is a safe and relatively simple procedure with a high consolidation rate and low revision providing excellent exposure of the talus. The moderately high malreduction rate and required hardware removal surgery by most of the patients are relevant factors which should be considered before performing this surgery.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE

Level III, retrospective cohort study.