School of Nursing, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.
Duke University School of Nursing, Durham, USA.
Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2022 Oct;40:15-24. doi: 10.1016/j.apnu.2022.04.004. Epub 2022 Apr 14.
Suicide is a global health problem with considerable variability across countries in its prevalence and correlates. The aims of this study were to: (a) explore the prevalence and psychosocial determinants of adolescent suicidal ideation, and (b) explore the perceived stigma of suicide among adolescents.
A nationally representative electronic survey was utilized to collect data from school adolescents. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for studies reporting prevalence data was used to design the survey. The study collected data on adolescents' suicidal ideation, depression, self-esteem, stigma of suicide, family functioning, educational stress, and anxiety levels. A representative sample of 647 Jordanian school adolescents was included.
The prevalence of suicidal ideation among school adolescents was 11%. Suicidal ideation was significantly higher among respondents who were boys and enrolled in public schools, had a mental health problem, a family history of suicidal attempt, a lower self-esteem, and higher depressive symptoms. The majority of school adolescents agreed with the descriptions of people who take their own lives as being "lost" (70%), "coward" (53%), "stupid" (51%), and "lonely" (49%).
There is no typical suicide victim, and there are no specific characteristics that can point out those who are suicidal. Suicide remains a complex phenomenon that is embedded in its sociocultural context. Collaborative efforts from Jordanian policy makers, healthcare providers, researchers, and educators are needed to develop culturally appropriate screening and prevention approaches to address suicide among adolescents. Nurses have a significant role in helping adolescents experiencing suicidal ideation and their families restore, maintain, and/or promote their mental health and wellbeing.
自杀是一个全球性的健康问题，其流行率和相关因素在各国之间存在相当大的差异。本研究的目的是：（a）探讨青少年自杀意念的流行率和心理社会决定因素，以及（b）探讨青少年对自杀的污名感知。
利用全国代表性的电子调查收集了来自学校青少年的数据。采用 Joanna Briggs 研究所用于报告流行率数据的研究的批判性评估清单来设计调查。该研究收集了青少年自杀意念、抑郁、自尊、自杀污名、家庭功能、教育压力和焦虑水平的数据。研究纳入了 647 名约旦学校青少年的代表性样本。
学校青少年自杀意念的流行率为 11%。自杀意念在男生和就读于公立学校的学生、有心理健康问题、有自杀未遂家族史、自尊心较低、抑郁症状较高的学生中显著较高。大多数学校青少年同意将自杀者描述为“迷失”（70%）、“懦弱”（53%）、“愚蠢”（51%）和“孤独”（49%）。
没有典型的自杀者，也没有可以指出那些有自杀倾向的特定特征。自杀仍然是一个复杂的现象，它根植于其社会文化背景中。需要约旦政策制定者、医疗保健提供者、研究人员和教育工作者共同努力，制定文化上适当的筛查和预防方法，以解决青少年自杀问题。护士在帮助有自杀意念的青少年及其家庭恢复、维持和/或促进他们的心理健康和幸福方面发挥着重要作用。
