Department of Applied Chemistry, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, Simhat, Haringhata, 741249, Nadia, West Bengal, India.
Chem Asian J. 2022 Nov 2;17(21):e202200725. doi: 10.1002/asia.202200725. Epub 2022 Sep 21.
The use of palladium catalysts in fused ring synthesis has been increasingly noteworthy in recent years in organic synthesis. It has a lot of potential compared to other transition metal catalysts, because of its one-of-a-kind feature that makes them more widely applicable in a variety of disciplines application. Palladium is important in a variety of Heck processes, including intramolecular, intermolecular, and reductive Heck reactions, which produce diverse carbocycles and heterocycles of biological importance. Under optimal reaction conditions, carbocyclization or heterocyclization occurs, resulting in the production of numerous structural building blocks of naturally occurring compounds. Beside intramolecular Heck-type reactions, cycloaddition, cycloalkylation, oxidative coupling, C-H functionalization, cross-coupling reactions, and carboamidation reactions have also been employed extensively to access fused carbo- and heterocycles of immense biological importance. This review article provides a well-summarized discussion (since 2001) on fused carbo- and heterocycle ring synthesis using palladium catalysts, overviewing their applications, and mechanistic insights.
近年来，钯催化剂在稠环合成中的应用在有机合成中越来越受到关注。与其他过渡金属催化剂相比，钯催化剂具有独特的特性，使其在各种学科的应用中具有更广泛的适用性。钯在各种 Heck 反应中都很重要，包括分子内、分子间和还原 Heck 反应，这些反应产生了具有生物重要性的各种碳环和杂环化合物。在最佳反应条件下，发生碳环化或杂环化反应，生成大量天然存在化合物的结构构建块。除了分子内 Heck 型反应外，环加成、环烷基化、氧化偶联、C-H 官能化、交叉偶联反应和碳酰胺化反应也被广泛用于合成具有重要生物意义的稠合碳环和杂环化合物。本文综述了（自 2001 年以来）使用钯催化剂合成稠合碳环和杂环化合物的研究进展，综述了其应用和反应机理。
