Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Zoo Biol. 2023 Mar;42(2):185-193. doi: 10.1002/zoo.21729. Epub 2022 Sep 6.
Research on the behavior of animals in zoos has been conducted for decades and observations have provided information that has improved the psychological and social well-being of animals. However, research on fishes in zoos and aquariums seems to be lacking. Here we assess the current state of research on fishes in zoos and aquariums by surveying peer-reviewed literature. Our assessment differs from previous surveys in that we examine the taxonomic classes Chondrichthyes (sharks and rays) and Osteichthyes (bony fishes) separately. Our survey finds that bony fishes have been drastically underrepresented in zoo journals, more so than chondrichthyans, revealing an urgent need for zoos and aquariums to conduct research on the behavior of the bony fishes in their care, to ensure a positive state of psychological and social well-being. To plot a course for the future, we discuss the few studies that have been conducted on the behavior of bony fishes in zoos and aquariums, and we discuss research conducted on bony fishes in food-fish aquaculture and biomedicine to identify the types of studies that could be conducted in zoos and aquariums. We conclude that data-driven analyses of fish behavior could aid in development of evidence-based practices that enhance the well-being of bony fishes in zoos and aquariums, just as they already do for terrestrial animals.
几十年来，人们一直在研究动物园中的动物行为，这些观察为改善动物的心理和社会福利提供了信息。然而，关于动物园和水族馆鱼类的研究似乎还很缺乏。在这里，我们通过调查同行评议文献来评估动物园和水族馆鱼类的研究现状。我们的评估与之前的调查不同，因为我们分别检查了软骨鱼类（鲨鱼和鳐鱼）和硬骨鱼类（硬骨鱼类）这两个分类群。我们的调查发现，硬骨鱼类在动物园期刊中的代表性严重不足，比软骨鱼类更为明显，这表明动物园和水族馆迫切需要对其饲养的硬骨鱼类的行为进行研究，以确保其处于积极的心理和社会福利状态。为了规划未来的方向，我们讨论了少数在动物园和水族馆中对硬骨鱼类行为进行的研究，并讨论了在食用鱼养殖和生物医学中对硬骨鱼类进行的研究，以确定可以在动物园和水族馆中进行的研究类型。我们的结论是，对鱼类行为进行数据驱动的分析可以帮助制定基于证据的实践，从而提高动物园和水族馆中硬骨鱼类的福利，就像它们已经为陆地动物所做的那样。
