Health Care Manage Rev. 2023;48(1):61-69. doi: 10.1097/HMR.0000000000000352. Epub 2022 Sep 2.
Existing studies that seek to understand nurses' experiences of burnout are dominated by cross-sectional, quantitative survey designs employing predetermined measures, often overlooking important job-related stressors that can be highly dependent on industry and professional contexts. Cancer nurses are a group of professionals who warrant special attention, as burnout in this profession is often attributed to high job demands and the challenge of caring for a vulnerable cohort of patients. A deeper understanding of the job demands associated with cancer nursing is required to provide insights about the work experiences of cancer nurses and identify aspects that mitigate burnout and stress.
This study describes the antecedents of burnout among Australian cancer nurses by focusing on the demands and resources inherent in their work. We aim to build on the existing literature by identifying job resources that may serve to mitigate the antecedents of burnout.
METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: An in-depth interview study of cancer nurses across a spectrum of age and experience in Australian metropolitan public health care services was conducted over a 2-year period that coincided with the COVID-19 pandemic. The job demands and resources model framed this study of job-related factors associated with burnout and conversely job resources that may foster work engagement.
Patient aggression, workload, emotional demands, and abusive peers and managers were reported as distinct job demands, whereas job significance and supportive peers who demonstrated leadership, along with task variety, were identified as job resources.
Australian cancer nurses work in an environment where job demands are increasingly disproportionate to job resources, leading to significant risk of burnout.
Our study identifies modifiable strategies for improving work conditions for this group who play a critical role in the health care system.
现有的研究旨在理解护士的职业倦怠体验，这些研究主要采用横断面、定量调查设计，并使用预先确定的测量方法，往往忽略了重要的与工作相关的压力源，而这些压力源可能高度依赖于行业和专业背景。癌症护士是一个需要特别关注的群体，因为这个职业的倦怠通常归因于工作要求高和照顾弱势群体患者的挑战。为了深入了解与癌症护理相关的工作需求，有必要了解癌症护士的工作经历，并确定减轻倦怠和压力的方面。
本研究通过关注癌症护士工作中的固有需求和资源，描述澳大利亚癌症护士职业倦怠的前因。我们旨在通过确定可能减轻倦怠前因的工作资源，为现有文献做出贡献。
方法/方法：在 COVID-19 大流行期间，对澳大利亚大都市公共卫生保健服务中不同年龄和经验的癌症护士进行了为期两年的深入访谈研究。本研究以工作相关因素与倦怠的关系以及可能促进工作投入的工作资源为框架，探讨了工作需求和资源模型。
报告了患者的攻击性、工作量、情绪需求、虐待同事和经理等作为独特的工作需求，而工作意义和表现出领导力的支持性同事，以及任务多样性，则被确定为工作资源。
澳大利亚癌症护士在一个工作需求与工作资源不成比例的环境中工作，这导致了重大的倦怠风险。
我们的研究确定了改善这群在医疗保健系统中发挥关键作用的人员工作条件的可修改策略。
