Krohmer Kerstin, Naumann Eva, Tuschen-Caffier Brunna, Svaldi Jennifer
Department of Psychology, University of Tubingen.
Department of Psychology, University of Freiburg.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2022 Aug;90(8):613-625. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000751.
Body image disturbance is crucial in the psychopathology of binge-eating disorder (BED). According to cognitive models of eating disorders, biased attentional processes contribute to the development and maintenance of body image concerns. Mirror exposure constitutes an effective method to improve body image. The present study investigated if stand-alone mirror exposure reduces body image concerns, eating pathology as well as body-related attention processes in BED.
Women with BED were assigned to an intervention group (IG; four sessions of mirror exposure) or a waiting list control group (WL; 4 weeks waiting period). Prior to and after the intervention/waiting period, body image concerns, and attentional processes toward the self- and a control-body were measured using questionnaires and two eye-tracking tasks. All analyses were conducted on intent-to-treat (ITT) bases.
Relative to the WL, the IG reported lower levels of shape concerns and reduced eating pathology after the intervention. Furthermore, while at baseline attention for the most unattractive body part was higher for the self-body (SB) relative to the control body (CB) in both IG and WL, no such difference was found after the intervention in the IG. By contrast, in the WL attention allocation between SB and CB remained unchanged.
Evidence was found that stand-alone mirror exposure may contribute to improving shape concerns and the reduction of eating pathology in women with BED. Furthermore, mirror exposure impacts selective body-related attention even though generalizability of results is limited by small sample size, lack of statistical power, and expectancy effects due to comparison with WL. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
身体意象障碍在暴饮暴食症（BED）的精神病理学中至关重要。根据饮食失调的认知模型，有偏差的注意力过程有助于身体意象问题的发展和维持。镜子暴露是改善身体意象的一种有效方法。本研究调查了单独的镜子暴露是否能减少暴饮暴食症患者的身体意象问题、饮食病理学以及与身体相关的注意力过程。
将患有暴饮暴食症的女性分为干预组（IG；进行四节镜子暴露课程）或等待名单对照组（WL；4周等待期）。在干预/等待期之前和之后，使用问卷和两项眼动追踪任务测量身体意象问题以及对自我身体和对照身体的注意力过程。所有分析均基于意向性分析（ITT）。
相对于等待名单对照组，干预组在干预后报告的体型关注水平较低，饮食病理学症状减轻。此外，虽然在基线时，干预组和等待名单对照组中，相对于对照身体（CB），自我身体（SB）对最不吸引人的身体部位的注意力都更高，但干预后干预组未发现这种差异。相比之下，等待名单对照组中自我身体和对照身体之间的注意力分配保持不变。
有证据表明，单独的镜子暴露可能有助于改善暴饮暴食症女性的体型关注并减少饮食病理学症状。此外，镜子暴露会影响与身体相关的选择性注意力，尽管由于样本量小、缺乏统计效力以及与等待名单对照组比较产生的期望效应，结果的普遍性受到限制。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2022美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
