Humphrey School of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota, 130 Humphrey School 301 19th Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States.
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 S 2nd St, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States.
Soc Sci Med. 2022 Oct;310:115303. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115303. Epub 2022 Aug 21.
Several studies have documented a link between maternal employment and childhood obesity, but the mechanisms are not clear. This study investigated the association of maternal employment with children's weight status and detailed weight-related behaviors using data from Phase I of Family Matters, a cross-sectional, observational study of 150 children aged 5-8 from six racial/ethnic groups (White, Black, Latinx, Native American, Hmong, and Somali) and their families from the Minneapolis/St. Paul, MN metropolitan area recruited in 2015-2016. Weight status (objectively measured), child dietary intake (three 24-h dietary recalls), physical activity (eight days of hip-mounted accelerometer data on children), and sleep (eight daily parent reports on children's sleep hours) were examined across four categories of maternal employment status: stay-at-home caregivers, working part-time, working full-time, and unemployed/unable to work. This study found that children's weight status and physical activity levels were similar across all categories of maternal employment. However, there were significant differences in aspects of children's diets by maternal employment status and, compared to children with stay-at-home mothers, children's sleep was significantly lower if their mother worked full-time. These findings highlight that dietary and sleep interventions tailored to the mother's employment status may be fruitful.
已有多项研究记录了母亲就业与儿童肥胖之间的关联，但具体机制尚不清楚。本研究利用“家庭事务”（Family Matters）项目第一阶段的数据，调查了母亲就业与儿童体重状况及详细体重相关行为之间的关联。“家庭事务”是一项横断面、观察性研究，共纳入了来自明尼阿波利斯/圣保罗都会区的六个种族/族裔群体（白种人、非裔美国人、拉丁裔、美国原住民、苗族和索马里裔）的 150 名 5-8 岁儿童及其家庭。该项目于 2015-2016 年招募。体重状况（通过客观测量）、儿童饮食摄入（三次 24 小时饮食回忆）、身体活动（八天佩戴在髋部的加速度计数据）和睡眠（八天父母对儿童睡眠时间的报告）是根据母亲就业状况的四类分类来评估的：全职家庭主妇、兼职工作者、全职工作者和失业/无法工作者。本研究发现，儿童的体重状况和身体活动水平在母亲就业的所有类别中相似。然而，儿童饮食的各个方面因母亲就业状况而存在显著差异，与全职工作的母亲的孩子相比，如果孩子的母亲全职工作，孩子的睡眠时间显著较低。这些发现强调，针对母亲就业状况量身定制的饮食和睡眠干预措施可能是有效的。
