ENES, Unidad Morelia, UNAM. Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro, No.8701. Col. Ex-Hacienda San José de la Huerta Código, 58190, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico.
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
Dev Comp Immunol. 2023 Jan;138:104528. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104528. Epub 2022 Sep 5.
Invertebrates' immune priming or innate immune memory is an analogous response to the vertebrates' adaptive memory. We investigated if honey bees have immune memory. We compared survival and immune response between bees that were: 1) manipulated (Naïve), 2) challenged twice with the same pathogen Escherichia coli (Memory), 3) challenged twice with different pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus versus E. coli, Micrococcus lysodeikticus versus E. coli), or 4) with PBS (the diluent of bacteria) versus E. coli (heterologous challenge; Control). Results indicate better survival in the Memory than the Control group, and the Memory group showed a similar survival than Naïve insects. The Memory group had higher lytic activity but lower prophenoloxidase, phenoloxidase activity, and hemocyte count than the Control and Naïve groups. No differences were found in relative expression of defensin-1. This first demonstration of immune memory opens the questions about its molecular mechanisms and whether, immune memory could be used against natural parasites that affect honey bees, hence, if they could be "vaccinated" against some natural parasites.
无脊椎动物的免疫启动或先天免疫记忆是脊椎动物适应性记忆的类似反应。我们研究了蜜蜂是否具有免疫记忆。我们比较了以下蜜蜂的存活率和免疫反应：1）操纵（未处理），2）用相同病原体大肠杆菌两次挑战（记忆），3）用不同病原体金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌、微球菌溶壁酶和大肠杆菌两次挑战（异源挑战），或 4）用 PBS（细菌稀释剂）和大肠杆菌（对照）。结果表明，记忆组比对照组的存活率更高，记忆组的存活率与未处理组相似。记忆组的裂解活性较高，但与对照组和未处理组相比，原酚氧化酶、酚氧化酶活性和血淋巴计数较低。防御素-1 的相对表达没有差异。这是首次证明免疫记忆，提出了关于其分子机制的问题，以及免疫记忆是否可以用于对抗影响蜜蜂的天然寄生虫，因此，是否可以针对某些天然寄生虫对其进行“接种”。
