Vannucci Fernando, de Castro Caio César Bianchi
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Pró Cardíaco, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Central da Polícia Militar, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
J Thorac Dis. 2022 Aug;14(8):3083-3090. doi: 10.21037/jtd-21-1809.
Brazil is an emerging country with continental proportions, being one of the largest in the world. As big as its territory, are the complexities and singularities within it. Brazilian thoracic surgery reflects the picture of this unique giant, with all its virtues and problems. This peculiar framework of thoracic surgery in Brazil unfolds that the surgeons are usually well trained and can perform this specialty with technical and scientific excellence, making the country to play a true major role in Latin American thoracic surgery. Nevertheless, the chronic social imbalance present in every aspect of the Brazilian daily life hampers this ultra-specialized workforce to be equally and universally available for every citizen, in every corner of the country. Lung transplantation and minimally invasive approaches (including robotics) are performed by many surgeons with good results, comparable to those observed in high-income countries from North America, Europe and Asia. However, these procedures are still performed more often in centers of academic excellence, located at the main cities of the country, which also reflects an unequal access to these approaches within the Brazilian territory. The aim of this paper is to present a broad overview of the practice of general thoracic surgery in Brazil, as well as its main idiosyncrasies.
巴西是一个幅员辽阔的新兴国家，是世界上最大的国家之一。其境内的复杂性和独特性与其领土面积一样大。巴西的胸外科反映了这个独特大国的全貌，既有其优点，也有其问题。巴西胸外科的这种特殊情况表明，外科医生通常训练有素，能够以卓越的技术和科学水平开展这一专业，使该国在拉丁美洲胸外科领域发挥着真正的重要作用。然而，巴西日常生活各个方面存在的长期社会失衡阻碍了这支超专业的医疗队伍平等、普遍地服务于该国每个角落的每一位公民。许多外科医生都开展肺移植和微创方法（包括机器人手术），且效果良好，与北美、欧洲和亚洲高收入国家的情况相当。然而，这些手术仍更多地在该国主要城市的学术卓越中心进行，这也反映出巴西境内在获得这些治疗方法方面存在不平等现象。本文旨在全面概述巴西普通胸外科的实践情况及其主要特点。
