Tiengo A, Fedele D, Muggeo M, Nosadini R, Molinari M, Garotti M C, Crepaldi G
Acta Diabetol Lat. 1978 May-Aug;15(3-4):143-51. doi: 10.1007/BF02581058.
Insulin and glucagon have been studied in 20 subjects (both of the subjects' parents were diabetic or in case of only one diabetic parent, the other showed a first degree familiarity of diabetes): 10 showed normal glucose tolerance ('true prediabetics') and 10 impaired glucose tolerance ('genetic chemical diabetes'). Mean insulin response to oral (100 g) and i.v. glucose load (200 mg/kg followed by 20 mg/kg/min for 60 min) and to arginine infusion (25 g in 30 min) was normal in the prediabetics and delayed and higher in the subjects with chemical diabetes as compared to the control group. Glucagon response to arginine was higher, but not significantly, in prediabetics and in subjects with chemical diabetes. In both of these groups glucagon suppression by glucose was not observed. The insulin/glucagon molar ratio was significantly reduced after glucose infusion in these two groups. No correlation was found between insulin and glucagon secretion after arginine or glucose. A possible alteration in the mechanism controlling glucagon secretion even in the earliest phases of diabetes is suggested.
对20名受试者（受试者的父母均患有糖尿病，或者若只有一位糖尿病父母，则另一位表现出一级糖尿病家族史）进行了胰岛素和胰高血糖素的研究：10名表现出正常糖耐量（“真正的糖尿病前期患者”），10名表现出糖耐量受损（“遗传性化学性糖尿病”）。与对照组相比，糖尿病前期患者对口服（100克）和静脉注射葡萄糖负荷（200毫克/千克，随后以20毫克/千克/分钟的速度持续60分钟）以及精氨酸输注（30分钟内输注25克）的平均胰岛素反应正常，而化学性糖尿病患者的反应延迟且更高。糖尿病前期患者和化学性糖尿病患者对精氨酸的胰高血糖素反应较高，但无显著差异。在这两组中均未观察到葡萄糖对胰高血糖素的抑制作用。在这两组中，葡萄糖输注后胰岛素/胰高血糖素摩尔比显著降低。精氨酸或葡萄糖注射后，胰岛素和胰高血糖素分泌之间未发现相关性。这表明即使在糖尿病的最早阶段，控制胰高血糖素分泌的机制也可能发生改变。
