Department of Neurology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.
Department of Ophthalmology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.
Neurol India. 2022 Jul-Aug;70(4):1500-1505. doi: 10.4103/0028-3886.355118.
To understand neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs) better we need to study them in different populations. This prospective study was conducted to characterize clinical, serological, radiological, and therapeutic profile of NMOSDs in a North Indian population.
This study included 81 patients with NMOSDs. All patients underwent detailed history and examinations and were followed at 3 monthly intervals. They were evaluated using standard investigations including gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and spine with thin section optic nerve cuts and treated as per the standard guidelines. Data were recorded meticulously.
The mean age was 33.7 ± 13.4 years. The mean age at disease onset was 31.2 ± 13.5 years. Female-to-male ratio was 1.9:1. About 32.1% of patients presented with optic neuritis (ON), 56.8% with transverse myelitis (TM), and 11.1% with both ON and TM. The mean time from disease onset to diagnosis was 16.17 ± 23.09 months. Muscle atrophy, Lhermitte symptom, and tonic spasms were common. Foster-Kennedy syndrome-like presentation was seen in 8.6%. NMO antibodies were positive in 41 patients. MRI revealed involvement of <4 vertebral segments in 16.4% of patients with TM. Patients were managed as per standard guidelines. The mean follow-up duration was 15.3 ± 6 months. Approximately 88.9% had good functional outcome.
NMOSDs are a common cause of demyelinating illnesses in Northern India. The response to treatment is excellent and most patients recover without residual disability.
为了更好地了解视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病（NMOSD），我们需要在不同人群中对其进行研究。本前瞻性研究旨在描述印度北部人群中 NMOSD 的临床、血清学、影像学和治疗特征。
本研究纳入了 81 例 NMOSD 患者。所有患者均接受详细的病史和体格检查，并每 3 个月随访一次。他们通过标准检查进行评估，包括脑和脊柱钆增强磁共振成像（MRI），视神经进行薄层扫描，并根据标准指南进行治疗。详细记录数据。
患者的平均年龄为 33.7 ± 13.4 岁。疾病的平均发病年龄为 31.2 ± 13.5 岁。女性与男性的比例为 1.9:1。约 32.1%的患者表现为视神经炎（ON），56.8%为横贯性脊髓炎（TM），11.1%为 ON 和 TM 同时发生。从发病到诊断的平均时间为 16.17 ± 23.09 个月。肌肉萎缩、莱尔米特征和强直性痉挛很常见。8.6%患者出现类似福斯特-肯尼迪综合征的表现。41 例患者 NMOSD 抗体阳性。MRI 显示 TM 患者中有 16.4%的病变累及<4 个椎体节段。患者根据标准指南进行管理。平均随访时间为 15.3 ± 6 个月。约 88.9%的患者功能预后良好。
NMOSD 是印度北部常见的脱髓鞘疾病。治疗反应良好，大多数患者无残留残疾即可康复。
