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低合金钢的PBF-LB/M：尽管冷却速度快，但仍呈现贝氏体类组织。

PBF-LB/M of Low-Alloyed Steels: Bainite-like Microstructures despite High Cooling Rates.

作者信息

Bartels Dominic, Novotny Tobias, Mohr Andreas, van Soest Frank, Hentschel Oliver, Merklein Carsten, Schmidt Michael

机构信息

Institute of Photonic Technologies (LPT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Konrad-Zuse-Straße 3/5, 91052 Erlangen, Germany.

Collaborative Research Center CRC 814-Additive Manufacturing, 91052 Erlangen, Germany.

出版信息

Materials (Basel). 2022 Sep 5;15(17):6171. doi: 10.3390/ma15176171.

DOI:10.3390/ma15176171
PMID:36079551
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9458168/
Abstract

Laser-based powder bed fusion of metals (PBF-LB/M) is an emerging technology with enormous potential for the fabrication of highly complex products due to the layer-wise fabrication process. Low-alloyed steels have recently gained interest due to their wide potential range of applications. However, the correlation between the processing strategy and the material properties remains mostly unclear. The process-inherent high cooling rates support the assumption that a very fine martensitic microstructure is formed. Therefore, the microstructure formation was studied by means of scanning electron microscopy, hardness measurements, and an analysis of the tempering stability. It could be shown that additively manufactured Bainidur AM samples possess a bainitic microstructure despite the high process-specific cooling rates in PBF-LB/M. This bainitic microstructure is characterized by an excellent tempering stability up to temperatures as high as 600 °C. In contrast to this, additively manufactured and martensitic-hardened specimens are characterized by a higher initial hardness but a significantly reduced tempering stability. This shows the potential of manufacturing products from Bainidur AM for high-temperature applications without the necessity of a post-process heat treatment for achieving the desired bainitic microstructure.

摘要

基于激光的金属粉末床熔融（PBF-LB/M）是一项新兴技术，由于其逐层制造工艺，在制造高度复杂产品方面具有巨大潜力。低合金钢因其广泛的潜在应用范围，近来受到关注。然而，加工策略与材料性能之间的相关性大多仍不明确。该工艺固有的高冷却速率支持了形成非常细小的马氏体微观结构这一假设。因此，通过扫描电子显微镜、硬度测量以及回火稳定性分析对微观结构形成进行了研究。结果表明，尽管在PBF-LB/M中工艺特定冷却速率很高，但增材制造的贝氏体杜尔AM样品具有贝氏体微观结构。这种贝氏体微观结构的特点是在高达600℃的温度下具有出色的回火稳定性。与此形成对比的是，增材制造并经马氏体硬化的试样具有较高的初始硬度，但回火稳定性显著降低。这表明用贝氏体杜尔AM制造高温应用产品具有潜力，无需进行后处理热处理就能获得所需的贝氏体微观结构。

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