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离子液体作为亲核氟化的有机催化剂：概念与展望。

Ionic Liquids as Organocatalysts for Nucleophilic Fluorination: Concepts and Perspectives.

机构信息

Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, Duckyoung-daero 1732, Yongin City 446-701, Korea.

Department of Chemistry, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 402-751, Korea.

出版信息

Molecules. 2022 Sep 4;27(17):5702. doi: 10.3390/molecules27175702.

DOI:10.3390/molecules27175702
PMID:36080470
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9457570/
Abstract

Besides their extremely useful properties as solvent, ionic liquids (ILs) are now considered to be highly instructive tools for enhancing the rates of chemical reactions. The ionic nature of the IL anion and cation seems to be the origin of this fascinating function of ILs as organocatalyst/promoter through their strong Coulombic forces on other ionic species in the reaction and also through the formation of hydrogen bonds with various functional groups in substrates. It is now possible to tailor-make ILs for specific purposes as solvent/promoters in a variety of situations by carefully monitoring these interactions. Despite the enormous potentiality, it seems that the application of ILs as organocatalysts/promoters for chemical reactions have not been fully achieved so far. Herein, we review recent developments of ILs for promoting the nucleophilic reactions, focusing on fluorination. Various aspects of the processes, such as organocatalytic capability, reaction mechanisms and salt effects, are discussed.

摘要

除了作为溶剂的极其有用的特性外，离子液体（ILs）现在被认为是提高化学反应速率的非常有指导意义的工具。IL 的阴离子和阳离子的离子特性似乎是 IL 作为有机催化剂/促进剂的这种迷人功能的起源，通过它们对反应中其他离子物种的强库仑力，以及通过与底物中的各种官能团形成氢键。现在可以通过仔细监测这些相互作用，根据特定的目的将 IL 定制为溶剂/促进剂，应用于各种情况。尽管具有巨大的潜力，但迄今为止，IL 作为化学反应的有机催化剂/促进剂的应用似乎尚未完全实现。在此，我们综述了 IL 促进亲核反应的最新进展，重点是氟化。讨论了该过程的各个方面，例如有机催化能力、反应机制和盐效应。

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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6188/9457570/1350b12fea0e/molecules-27-05702-sch002.jpg
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