Cole G, Cowie V A
Clin Neuropathol. 1987 May-Jun;6(3):104-9.
A 14-year-old male survived for nearly 3 years following a cardiac arrest. During this period he remained unconscious and electroencephalogram recordings indicated a virtual absence of neocortical activity. Clinically there was some retention of brainstem function evidenced by spontaneous respiration, eye movements, cough and swallow reflex. He was in a persistent vegetative state until his death. We believe this to be one of the longest surviving cases to be recorded. Neuropathological findings correlated with the clinical picture, and demonstrated the selective vulnerability of various areas within the brain. The brain was reduced in weight to 880 g. There was extensive necrosis affecting the cortex and basal ganglia and the cerebellum showed severe loss of Purkinje and granule cells. In certain nuclei of the thalamus there was neuronal loss and gliosis. There was relative sparing of the brain stem. The superimposed effects of retrograde degeneration is demonstrated in various sites.
一名14岁男性心脏骤停后存活了近3年。在此期间，他一直昏迷，脑电图记录显示几乎没有新皮质活动。临床上，脑干功能有一定保留，表现为自主呼吸、眼球运动、咳嗽和吞咽反射。他一直处于持续性植物状态直至死亡。我们认为这是有记录以来存活时间最长的病例之一。神经病理学发现与临床表现相符，显示了脑内不同区域的选择性易损性。大脑重量减轻至880克。有广泛的坏死影响皮质、基底神经节，小脑显示浦肯野细胞和颗粒细胞严重丢失。丘脑的某些核团有神经元丢失和胶质细胞增生。脑干相对未受影响。逆行性变性的叠加效应在不同部位得到体现。
