Department of Dermatology, Veterinary Specialists Emergency Centre, Saitama, Japan.
Dolphin Animal Hospital, Saitama, Japan.
Vet Med Sci. 2022 Nov;8(6):2277-2282. doi: 10.1002/vms3.940. Epub 2022 Sep 9.
Idiopathic cutaneous telangiectasia has been rarely described in the dog.
We present the first case of idiopathic focal cutaneous telangiectasia in a young dog of probable congenital origin.
An 18-month-old spayed female Maltese dog presented with demarcated erythema of the skin on the right thorax. The lesion consisted of scattered, florid, ramified macules with mild dermatrophia and desquamation. The lesion was examined with histopathology and immunohistochemistry using antibodies for alfa-SMA.
Diascopy revealed a blanchable lesion. Tortuous capillary expansion was observed by dermoscopy. The histopathological examination revealed dilated but otherwise unremarkable capillaries in the superficial dermis compatible with cutaneous telangiectasia. The lesion was followed up over a 3-year period and had essentially remained stable. Other vascular anomalies displaying similarities with telangiectasia are discussed.
In human vascular anomalies, this case would be presumably classified as 'telangiectasia' by the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies. We propose that primary cutaneous telangiectasia should be included in the list of differential diagnoses for this type of lesions in dogs. We also suggest that dermoscopy would be a valuable tool for the identification of vascular anomalies in dogs.
特发性皮肤毛细血管扩张症在犬中很少见。
我们报告首例可能为先天性起源的年轻犬特发性局限性皮肤毛细血管扩张症。
一只 18 月龄已绝育雌性马尔济斯犬，右侧胸部有界限分明的红斑。病变由散在的、华丽的、分支状的斑点组成，伴有轻度的皮肤萎缩和脱屑。对病变进行了组织病理学和免疫组织化学检查，使用了针对α-SMA 的抗体。
压迫变色试验显示病变可褪色。皮肤镜检查显示迂曲的毛细血管扩张。组织病理学检查显示真皮浅层扩张但无明显异常的毛细血管，符合皮肤毛细血管扩张症。该病变在 3 年的随访期间基本保持稳定。还讨论了具有类似毛细血管扩张表现的其他血管异常。
在人类血管异常中，根据国际血管异常研究学会的分类，该病例可能被归类为“毛细血管扩张症”。我们建议原发性皮肤毛细血管扩张症应列入此类犬病变的鉴别诊断清单。我们还建议皮肤镜检查将是识别犬血管异常的一种有价值的工具。
