Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA.
Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA.
Addict Behav. 2023 Jan;136:107474. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107474. Epub 2022 Aug 30.
High levels of alcohol consumption are common among college students and associated with endorsing negative alcohol-related consequences. Research suggests both drinking norms and location are strong predictors of drinking behavior in college students. Yet, normative perceptions of consequences, and whether they are location-specific, are less well-studied. We tested the hypotheses that college students who drink would have the highest levels of descriptive and injunctive norms for negative consequences, and would self-report the greatest number of negative consequences, at large gatherings/parties relative to someone's home/dorm and/or bars/clubs. Additionally, we explored whether specific acute consequences were more likely in some drinking locations versus others. Participants were 96 full-time undergraduate students who engaged in high-risk drinking. At baseline, participants reported descriptive and injunctive norms for negative consequences in three locations (home/dorm, large gathering/party, bar/club). Over a 28-day period, participants self-reported daily experiences of five alcohol-related consequences in these same locations. With repeated measures analyses of variance, we found that participants perceived their peers experienced more negative consequences and were more approving of negative consequences at large gatherings/parties and small gatherings at someone's home/dorm relative to bars/clubs. Likewise, nonparametric analyses demonstrated that the total number of consequences over the 28-day assessment period also differed by location, with participants reporting more consequences at home/dorm and large gathering/party locations than at bars/clubs. Future research is needed to better understand how the impact of norms on behavior differs across drinking location, and whether location-specific intervention content (e.g., normative correction) would be useful.
大学生群体中普遍存在高度饮酒的现象,且他们更倾向于认可与饮酒相关的不良后果。研究表明,饮酒规范和饮酒地点均是大学生饮酒行为的强有力预测因素。然而,对于后果的规范认知,以及这些认知是否具有地点特异性,研究还不够充分。我们提出了以下假设:与在某人的住所/宿舍和/或酒吧/俱乐部相比,在大型聚会/派对时,大学生的饮酒者会对不良后果有更高的描述性和指令性规范,并且自我报告的不良后果数量更多。此外,我们还探讨了在某些饮酒地点是否更有可能出现特定的急性后果。参与者为 96 名全日制本科生,他们有高危饮酒行为。在基线时,参与者报告了在三个地点(住所/宿舍、大型聚会/派对、酒吧/俱乐部)发生的不良后果的描述性和指令性规范。在 28 天的时间内,参与者在这些相同地点自我报告了每天发生的五种与酒精相关的后果。通过重复测量方差分析,我们发现与酒吧/俱乐部相比,参与者认为同伴在大型聚会/派对和住所/宿舍的小型聚会上经历了更多的负面后果,并且对负面后果的认可度更高。同样,非参数分析表明,在 28 天的评估期内,总后果数量也因地点而异,参与者在家/宿舍和大型聚会/派对地点报告的后果比在酒吧/俱乐部更多。未来的研究需要更好地了解规范对行为的影响在不同的饮酒地点如何不同,以及是否需要特定地点的干预内容(例如,规范纠正)。