Sahu Bijayashree, Bal Naresh C
School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.
Biochimie. 2023 Jan;204:92-107. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.09.003. Epub 2022 Sep 7.
Diseases originating from altered energy homeostasis including obesity, and type 2 diabetes are rapidly increasing worldwide. Research in the last few decades on animal models and humans demonstrates that the white adipose tissue (WAT) is critical for energy balance and more than just an energy storage site. WAT orchestrates the whole-body metabolism through inter-organ crosstalk primarily mediated by cytokines named "Adipokines". The adipokines influence metabolism and fuel selection of the skeletal muscle and liver thereby fine-tuning the load on WAT itself in physiological conditions like starvation, exercise and cold. In addition, adipokine secretion is influenced by various pathological conditions like obesity, inflammation and diabetes. In this review, we have surveyed the current state of knowledge on important adipokines and their significance in regulating energy balance and metabolic diseases. Furthermore, we have summarized the interplay of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory adipokines in the modulation of pathological conditions.
包括肥胖症和2型糖尿病在内，由能量稳态改变引发的疾病在全球范围内正迅速增加。过去几十年对动物模型和人类的研究表明，白色脂肪组织（WAT）对能量平衡至关重要，且不仅仅是一个能量储存场所。白色脂肪组织通过主要由名为“脂肪因子”的细胞因子介导的器官间串扰来协调全身代谢。在饥饿、运动和寒冷等生理条件下，脂肪因子会影响骨骼肌和肝脏的代谢及燃料选择，从而微调白色脂肪组织自身的负荷。此外，肥胖、炎症和糖尿病等各种病理状况会影响脂肪因子的分泌。在本综述中，我们考察了关于重要脂肪因子的当前知识状态及其在调节能量平衡和代谢疾病中的意义。此外，我们总结了促炎和抗炎脂肪因子在病理状况调节中的相互作用。
