Garg Ria, Shojania Kam, De Vera Mary A
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
Collaboration for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
J Cannabis Res. 2022 Sep 9;4(1):49. doi: 10.1186/s42238-022-00160-x.
Due to the growing use of cannabis for the purposes of pain relief, evidence is needed on the impact of cannabis use on concurrent analgesic use. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate the association between the use of cannabis and codeine.
We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the nationally representative Canadian Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs Survey (2017). The primary explanatory variable was self-reported use of cannabis within the past year. The outcome was the use of codeine-containing product(s) within the past year. We used multivariable binomial logistic regression models.
Our study sample comprised 15,459 respondents including 3338 individuals who reported cannabis use within the past year of whom 955 (36.2%) used it for medical purposes. Among individuals who reported cannabis use, the majority were male (N = 1833, 62.2%). Self-reported use of cannabis was associated with codeine use (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.89, 95% CI 1.36 to 2.62). Additionally, when limited to cannabis users only, we found people who used cannabis for medical purposes to be three times more likely to also report codeine use (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.96, 95% CI 1.72 to 5.09).
The use of cannabis was associated with increased odds of codeine use, especially among individuals who used it for medical purposes. Our findings suggest a potential role for healthcare providers to be aware of or monitor patients' use of cannabis, as the long-term adverse events associated with concurrent cannabis and opioid use remain unknown.
由于大麻用于缓解疼痛的使用量不断增加，因此需要有证据证明使用大麻对同时使用镇痛药的影响。因此，我们的目标是评估大麻使用与可待因之间的关联。
我们使用具有全国代表性的加拿大烟草、酒精和药物调查（2017年）的数据进行了一项横断面研究。主要解释变量是过去一年中自我报告的大麻使用情况。结果是过去一年中使用含可待因产品的情况。我们使用了多变量二项式逻辑回归模型。
我们的研究样本包括15459名受访者，其中3338人报告在过去一年中使用过大麻，其中955人（36.2%）将其用于医疗目的。在报告使用过大麻的个体中，大多数为男性（N = 1833，62.2%）。自我报告的大麻使用与可待因使用相关（调整后的优势比[aOR]为1.89，95%置信区间为1.36至2.62）。此外，仅将研究局限于大麻使用者时，我们发现将大麻用于医疗目的的人报告使用可待因的可能性是其他人的三倍（调整后的优势比[aOR]为2.96，95%置信区间为1.72至5.09）。
大麻的使用与可待因使用几率的增加相关，尤其是在将其用于医疗目的的个体中。我们的研究结果表明，医疗保健提供者可能需要意识到或监测患者对大麻的使用，因为大麻和阿片类药物同时使用的长期不良事件仍然未知。
