Young R, Ostertag H
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1987 Aug 14;112(33):1253-6. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1068231.
In an unselected series of 3,375 autopsies performed during five years there were 114 cases of aortic aneurysm (3.4%). Males were affected 9.4 times as often as females. Average age at death of those with aneurysm was 72.8 years, of those with rupture 69 years. Of the aneurysms 73.8% were located in the lumbar aorta, 22.8% in the thoracic aorta and 3.5% involved the entire aorta. Saccular or fusiform aneurysms accounted for 73.4%, dissecting ones for 18.4% and pseudoaneurysms for 1.8%. Arteriosclerosis was the underlying cause of the aneurysm in 95.6% of cases; in 41.2% rupture was the direct cause of death. Aneurysms of the thoracic aorta were ruptured in 65.4%, of the lumbar aorta in 32.1%. The incidence of rupture was highest for dissecting aneurysm of the thoracic aorta and the entire aorta--75% each. Hypertension was found to be a risk factor of rupture.
在一项为期五年的3375例未经挑选的尸检系列中,有114例主动脉瘤病例(3.4%)。男性受影响的频率是女性的9.4倍。动脉瘤患者的平均死亡年龄为72.8岁,动脉瘤破裂患者的平均死亡年龄为69岁。在动脉瘤中,73.8%位于腹主动脉,22.8%位于胸主动脉,3.5%累及整个主动脉。囊状或梭形动脉瘤占73.4%,夹层动脉瘤占18.4%,假性动脉瘤占1.8%。95.6%的病例中,动脉硬化是动脉瘤的根本原因;41.2%的病例中,破裂是直接死因。胸主动脉瘤破裂的占65.4%,腹主动脉瘤破裂的占32.1%。胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤和整个主动脉夹层动脉瘤的破裂发生率最高,均为75%。高血压被发现是破裂的一个危险因素。