College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, China; Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117,China.
College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, China.
Environ Pollut. 2022 Nov 15;313:120137. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120137. Epub 2022 Sep 8.
Biological treatment is one of the most widely used methods to treat swine wastewater in wastewater treatment plants. The microbial community plays an important role in the swine slurry treatment system. However, limited information is available regarding the correlation between pollutant concentration and dominant microbial community in swine wastewater. This work aimed to study the profiling of microbial communities and their abundance in the 40 M/day large-scale and step-by-step treatment pools of swine wastewater. Metagenome sequencing was applied to study the changes of microbial community structure in biochemical reaction pools. The results showed that in the heavily polluted pools, it was mainly Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Chlorella and other strains that could tolerate high concentration of ammonia nitrogen to remove nitrogen and absorb chemical oxygen demand (COD). In the moderately polluted pools, Nitrospirae, Actinobacteria and other strains further cooperated to purify swine wastewater. In the later stage, the emergence of Brachionus indicated the reduction of water pollution. The dominant microbes and their abundance changed with the purification of swine wastewater in different stages. Moreover, the dominant microflora of swine wastewater treatment pools at all levels reflected little difference in phylum classification level, while in genus classification level, the dominant microflora manifested great difference. Findings demonstrated that the microorganisms maintained ecological balance and absorbed the nutrients in the swine wastewater treatment pools, so as to play the role of purifying sewage. Therefore, the stepwise purification of swine wastewater can be realized by adding bacteria and microalgae of different genera.
生物处理是污水处理厂处理猪废水最广泛使用的方法之一。微生物群落在猪粪处理系统中起着重要作用。然而，关于污染物浓度与猪废水中优势微生物群落之间的相关性，信息有限。本研究旨在研究 40 万吨/天大型分步处理猪废水的微生物群落特征及其丰度。采用宏基因组测序研究生化反应池微生物群落结构的变化。结果表明，在污染严重的池中，主要是能够耐受高浓度氨氮的 Proteobacteria、Cyanobacteria、Chlorella 等菌株来脱氮和吸收化学需氧量（COD）。在中度污染的池中，Nitrospirae、Actinobacteria 等菌株进一步协同净化猪废水。后期，出现 Brachionus 表明水污染减少。随着不同阶段猪废水净化的进行，优势微生物及其丰度发生变化。而且，各级猪废水处理池的优势菌群在门分类水平上差异不大，而在属分类水平上，优势菌群表现出很大的差异。研究结果表明，微生物保持生态平衡并吸收猪废水处理池中的养分，从而发挥净化污水的作用。因此，可以通过添加不同属的细菌和微藻来实现猪废水的分步净化。
