Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University.
Department of Global Health Nursing, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University.
J Atheroscler Thromb. 2023 Jun 1;30(6):589-600. doi: 10.5551/jat.63727. Epub 2022 Sep 10.
Circulating omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids may to contribute to cardiovascular health at the population level. Over a decade, we investigated changes in the serum eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) to arachidonic acid (AA) ratio, and in serum concentrations of the individual fatty acids, in a Japanese community.
Community surveys took place in 2002-2003 and 2012-2013 in a rural area of Japan. The community surveys included 3,194 and 3,220 community dwellers aged ≥ 40 years who did not take EPA medication in 2002-2003 and 2012-2013, respectively. Fatty acid fractionations in serum were measured using a gas chromatography method. Changes in the serum EPA/AA ratio over time were examined using linear mixed models.
Overall, the average serum EPA/AA ratio decreased over the 10 years. A decreasing trend in the serum EPA/AA ratio occurred in all age groups except participants aged ≥ 80 years, with larger decreases in the younger age groups. A similar decline in serum EPA/AA ratio occurred in participants with and those without lipid-lowering therapy. Serum EPA concentrations were slightly increased in the whole population but remained stable or even decreased in participants aged 40-69. In contrast, the average serum AA concentrations increased in all age groups.
In a Japanese community, the serum EPA/AA ratio decreased over 10 years at the population level, especially in middle-aged participants.
循环中的ω-3 和 ω-6 多不饱和脂肪酸可能有助于人群水平的心血管健康。十多年来，我们研究了日本一个社区中血清二十碳五烯酸（EPA）与花生四烯酸（AA）比值以及个体脂肪酸血清浓度的变化。
2002-2003 年和 2012-2013 年在日本一个农村地区进行了社区调查。社区调查包括 3194 名和 3220 名年龄≥40 岁且在 2002-2003 年和 2012-2013 年均未服用 EPA 药物的社区居民。采用气相色谱法测量血清脂肪酸馏分。使用线性混合模型检查血清 EPA/AA 比值随时间的变化。
总体而言，10 年来血清 EPA/AA 比值呈下降趋势。除了≥80 岁的参与者外，所有年龄组的血清 EPA/AA 比值均呈下降趋势，年轻组下降幅度更大。在有和没有降脂治疗的参与者中，血清 EPA/AA 比值均呈下降趋势。全人群血清 EPA 浓度略有升高，但 40-69 岁参与者保持稳定甚至降低。相比之下，所有年龄组的平均血清 AA 浓度均升高。
在日本社区，人群水平的血清 EPA/AA 比值在 10 年内下降，尤其是在中年参与者中。
