Izquierdo Vinicius, Vedovatto Marcelo, Palmer Elizabeth A, Oliveira Rhaiza A, Silva Hiran M, Vendramini João M B, Moriel Philipe
IFAS - Range Cattle Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Ona, FL 33865, USA.
Transl Anim Sci. 2022 Aug 18;6(3):txac110. doi: 10.1093/tas/txac110. eCollection 2022 Jul.
This study evaluated the effects of decreasing the frequency of dried distillers grains (DDG) supplementation during third trimester of gestation on cow physiology and offspring preweaning growth. At 201 ± 7 d prepartum (day 0 of the study), 120 Brangus crossbred cows were stratified by body weight (BW = 543 ± 53 kg) and body condition score (BCS = 5.47 ± 0.73), and then assigned randomly to 1 of 20 bahiagrass () pastures (six cows and 4.7 ha/pasture). Treatments were randomly assigned to pastures (five pastures/treatment) and consisted of cows offered no DDG supplementation (NOSUP) or precalving supplementation of DDG dry matter at 1 kg/cow daily (7×), 2.33 kg/cow every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday (3×), or 7 kg/cow every Monday (1×) from day 0 to 77. All cows assigned to DDG supplementation received the same total amount of DDG dry matter (77 kg/cow) from day 0 to 77. All cow-calf pairs were managed similarly from day 77 until calf weaning (day 342). Supplementation frequency did not impact ( ≥ 0.16) any forage or cow reproduction data. Cow BCS on days 77, 140, and 342 did not differ among 1×, 3×, and 7× cows ( ≥ 0.29) but all supplemented cows, regardless of supplementation frequency, had greater BCS on days 77, 140, and 342 compared to NOSUP cows ( ≤ 0.04). Cows offered 1× supplementation had greater plasma concentrations of IGF-1 on days 35 and 140 compared to NOSUP, 3× and 7× cows ( ≤ 0.04), whereas 3× and 7× cows had greater plasma concentrations of IGF-1 on day 35 compared to NOSUP cows ( ≤ 0.005). Average plasma concentrations of glucose did not differ among 1×, 3×, and 7× cows ( ≥ 0.44), but all supplemented cows had greater plasma concentrations of glucose compared to NOSUP cows ( ≤ 0.05). Birth BW of the first offspring did not differ between 3× and 7× calves ( = 0.54) but both groups were heavier at birth compared to NOSUP calves ( ≤ 0.05). On day 342, calves born from 7× cows were the heaviest ( ≤ 0.05), whereas calves born from 1× and 3× cows had similar BW ( = 0.97) but both groups were heavier compared to calves born from NOSUP cows ( ≤ 0.05). In summary, decreasing the frequency of DDG supplementation, from daily to one or three times weekly, during third trimester of gestation of beef cows did not impact cow BCS but altered maternal plasma concentrations of IGF-1 and glucose, leading to reduced offspring preweaning growth.
本研究评估了在妊娠晚期减少干酒糟（DDG）补充频率对奶牛生理和后代断奶前生长的影响。在产前201±7天（研究第0天），120头婆罗门杂交奶牛按体重（BW = 543±53千克）和体况评分（BCS = 5.47±0.73）进行分层，然后随机分配到20个巴哈雀稗牧场中的1个（每个牧场6头牛，面积4.7公顷）。处理方式随机分配到牧场（每个处理5个牧场），包括不给奶牛补充DDG（不补充组），或在产犊前每天给每头奶牛补充1千克DDG干物质（7次/周组），每周一、三、五给每头奶牛补充2.33千克（3次/周组），或从第0天到第77天每周一给每头奶牛补充7千克（1次/周组）。所有分配到补充DDG的奶牛从第0天到第77天接受相同总量的DDG干物质（77千克/头）。从第77天到犊牛断奶（第342天），所有母牛 - 犊牛对的管理方式相似。补充频率对任何草料或奶牛繁殖数据均无影响（P≥0.16）。在第77天、140天和342天，1次/周组、3次/周组和7次/周组奶牛的体况评分没有差异（P≥0.29），但所有补充组奶牛，无论补充频率如何，在第77天、140天和342天的体况评分均高于不补充组奶牛（P≤0.04）。与不补充组、3次/周组和7次/周组奶牛相比，1次/周组奶牛在第35天和140天的血浆IGF - 1浓度更高（P≤0.04），而与不补充组奶牛相比，3次/周组和7次/周组奶牛在第35天的血浆IGF - 1浓度更高（P≤0.005）。1次/周组、3次/周组和7次/周组奶牛的平均血浆葡萄糖浓度没有差异（P≥0.44），但所有补充组奶牛的血浆葡萄糖浓度均高于不补充组奶牛（P≤0.05）。3次/周组和7次/周组犊牛的初生体重没有差异（P = 0.54），但这两组犊牛的初生体重均高于不补充组犊牛（P≤0.05）。在第342天，7次/周组母牛所生犊牛最重（P≤0.05），而1次/周组和3次/周组母牛所生犊牛体重相似（P = 0.97），但这两组犊牛的体重均高于不补充组母牛所生犊牛（P≤0.05）。总之，在肉牛妊娠晚期将DDG补充频率从每天减少到每周一次或三次，不会影响奶牛的体况评分，但会改变母体血浆中IGF - 1和葡萄糖的浓度，导致后代断奶前生长减缓。
