向妊娠后期的具有印度野牛影响的肉牛补充面包厂废物成功地影响了后代的产后性能。

Bakery waste supplementation to late gestating Bos indicus-influenced beef cows successfully impacted offspring postnatal performance.

机构信息

University of Florida, Range Cattle Research and Education Center, Ona, FL 33865, USA.

Oregon State University, Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, Burns, OR 97720, USA.

出版信息

J Anim Sci. 2023 Jan 3;101. doi: 10.1093/jas/skad244.

DOI:10.1093/jas/skad244

PMID:37465852

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10400122/

Abstract

This study evaluated the growth and immune function of beef calves born to cows supplemented with bakery waste containing two concentrations of crude fat. On day 0 (~90 d before calving), 108 multiparous Brangus crossbred cows were stratified by body weight (BW; 551 ± 65 kg) and body condition score (BCS, 5.5 ± 0.9) and randomly allocated into 1 of 18 bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) pastures (6 cows and 4.3 ha per pasture). Treatments were randomly assigned to pastures (6 pastures per treatment) and consisted of no prepartum supplementation (NOSUP) and isocaloric and isonitrogenous supplementation of low-fat (LFAT; 6.4% crude fat) or high-fat (HFAT; 10.7% crude fat) bakery waste from days 0 to 70 (1 kg DM per cow per day). Calves were weaned on day 292 (201 ± 17 d of age). Then, 15 heifers per treatment were randomly selected and assigned to drylot pens from days 300 to 345 and vaccinated against respiratory pathogens on days 300 and 315. Cow BCS near calving (day 70) was the least (P ≤ 0.05) for NOSUP cows and did not differ (P = 0.12) between LFAT and HFAT cows. Cow BCS at the start of the breeding season (day 140) was greater (P = 0.05) for HFAT vs. NOSUP cows and intermediate (P ≥ 0.35) for LFAT cows. Plasma concentrations of total polyunsaturated fatty acids in HFAT cows did not differ (P ≥ 0.76) compared with LFAT cows but were greater (P ≤ 0.05) compared to NOSUP cows on day 70. Final pregnancy percentage did not differ (P ≥ 0.26) among treatments, but a greater percentage of HFAT cows calved (P ≤ 0.05) their second offspring during the first 21 d of the calving season compared to NOSUP and LFAT cows (bred by natural service). Weaning BW was the greatest (P ≤ 0.05) for LFAT and least for NOSUP calves. Maternal treatments did not impact (P ≥ 0.11) postweaning growth and total DM intake of calves. Average plasma cortisol concentrations were greater (P = 0.03) for NOSUP vs. HFAT calves and intermediate for LFAT calves (P ≥ 0.26). Serum titers against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and bovine respiratory syncytial virus were greater or tended to be greater (P ≤ 0.08) for HFAT vs. LFAT calves and intermediate (P ≥ 0.27) for NOSUP calves at the end of preconditioning. Thus, supplemental fat concentration fed to late-gestating beef cows had variable effects on calf performance. Low-fat bakery waste led to the greatest calf preweaning growth, whereas high-fat bakery waste enhanced maternal reproduction and had minor benefits to calf humoral immune function.

摘要

本研究评估了补充两种粗脂肪浓度的面包厂废物的奶牛所产犊牛的生长和免疫功能。在 0 天（分娩前约 90 天），108 头经产 Brangus 杂交母牛按体重（551±65kg）和体况评分（BCS，5.5±0.9）分层，并随机分配到 18 个牧草地（每牧草地 6 头牛和 4.3 公顷）之一。处理方法随机分配到牧草地（每个处理 6 个牧草地），包括不进行产前补充（NOSUP）和以等热量和等氮的方式补充低脂肪（LFAT；6.4%粗脂肪）或高脂肪（HFAT；10.7%粗脂肪）面包厂废物，从 0 天到 70 天（每天每头牛 1kg DM）。犊牛在 292 天（201±17 天龄）断奶。然后，每个处理随机选择 15 头小母牛，从 300 天到 345 天在干圈围栏中饲养，并在 300 天和 315 天接种呼吸道病原体疫苗。分娩时母牛的 BCS（第 70 天）最低（P≤0.05）为 NOSUP 母牛，与 LFAT 和 HFAT 母牛之间无差异（P=0.12）。繁殖季节开始时（第 140 天）母牛的 BCS 更高（P=0.05）为 HFAT 与 NOSUP 母牛，中等（P≥0.35）为 LFAT 母牛。与 LFAT 母牛相比，HFAT 母牛的血浆总多不饱和脂肪酸浓度在第 70 天没有差异（P≥0.76），但与 NOSUP 母牛相比更高（P≤0.05）。终配受胎率各处理之间无差异（P≥0.26），但 HFAT 母牛在产犊季节的前 21 天中第二次分娩的比例更高（P≤0.05），与 NOSUP 和 LFAT 母牛（自然交配）相比。断奶 BW 最高（P≤0.05）为 LFAT 犊牛，最低为 NOSUP 犊牛。母体处理对犊牛断奶后的生长和总干物质采食量没有影响（P≥0.11）。平均血浆皮质醇浓度 NOSUP 犊牛高于 HFAT 犊牛（P=0.03），LFAT 犊牛居中（P≥0.26）。在预适应结束时，传染性牛鼻气管炎和牛呼吸道合胞病毒的血清滴度对 HFAT 犊牛更高或有更高的趋势（P≤0.08），对 LFAT 犊牛中等（P≥0.27），对 NOSUP 犊牛中等（P≥0.27）。因此，补充给妊娠后期奶牛的脂肪浓度对犊牛的生长性能有不同的影响。低脂肪面包厂废物导致犊牛出生前生长最快，而高脂肪面包厂废物提高了母牛的繁殖性能，并对犊牛的体液免疫功能有轻微的益处。