Stacker S A, Thompson C H, Lowe M G, Sacks N P, Golder J, Carmen H, McKenzie I F
Dev Biol Stand. 1987;67:91-6.
A murine monoclonal antibody (3E1.2) to human breast carcinoma cells was made. The antibody, which was selected for its ability to react with formalin fixed sections of the immunizing tissue, detects an antigen in the serum of breast cancer patients which we have called Mammary Serum Antigen. Immunoperoxidase staining has shown that there is an increased expression of this antigen on malignant breast epithelium compared to normal breast epithelium and other normal tissues. An assay (a serum inhibition enzyme immunoassay) using this antibody has been established to determine levels of MSA in patients' sera. Two independent studies involving greater than 2,000 blood donors and greater than 400 patients with breast cancer have shown that MSA is elevated in patients with carcinoma of the breast. MSA levels were found to be raised in approx. 2% of blood donors, approx. 55% of patients with localised breast cancer (Stage I and II) and in approx. 85% of patients with advanced breast cancer (Stage III and IV). Raised levels were also found in some patients with benign breast disease and other tumors, however these were generally much lower than those found in breast cancer patients. MSA levels may therefore be of some use for the monitoring of breast cancer patients, and as a diagnostic aid to screen populations for breast cancer.
制备了一种针对人乳腺癌细胞的鼠单克隆抗体（3E1.2）。该抗体因其能与免疫组织的福尔马林固定切片发生反应而被选用，它能检测出乳腺癌患者血清中的一种抗原，我们将其称为乳腺血清抗原。免疫过氧化物酶染色显示，与正常乳腺上皮和其他正常组织相比，这种抗原在恶性乳腺上皮上的表达增加。已建立一种使用该抗体的检测方法（血清抑制酶免疫测定法）来测定患者血清中MSA的水平。两项分别涉及超过2000名献血者和超过400名乳腺癌患者的独立研究表明，乳腺癌患者的MSA水平升高。在大约2%的献血者、大约55%的局限性乳腺癌患者（I期和II期）以及大约85%的晚期乳腺癌患者（III期和IV期）中发现MSA水平升高。在一些患有良性乳腺疾病和其他肿瘤的患者中也发现了升高的水平，然而这些水平通常远低于乳腺癌患者中的水平。因此，MSA水平可能在监测乳腺癌患者以及作为筛查人群乳腺癌的诊断辅助手段方面具有一定用途。
