Departament of Zoology, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE). Avenida Professor Moraes Rgo. 1235. 50670-901 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. .
Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, 647 Contees Wharf Rd., Edgewater, MD 21037, USA.
Zootaxa. 2022 Jun 7;5150(2):189-216. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.5150.2.2.
Historically, Lysmata vittata has been reported with a near global non-polar distribution. Early studies reported a wide morphological variation in this species, which served as a basis for further synonymization of at least four species. Herein, we investigated the species diversity within L. vittata complex and tested whether L. rauli and L. durbanensis are valid species instead of junior synonyms of L. vittata. Our integrated morphological and molecular data strongly supports the validity of at least six taxonomic entities within the broader L. vittata complex, including L. rauli and L. durbanensis and three undescribed species. Multivariate analyses highlighted prominent morphological differences in accessory branch structure of dorsolateral antennular flagellum, number of carpal and meral segments of the second pereopod, and color pattern which segregated shrimps into distinct morpho-groups. Phylogenetic analyses supported morphological groupings and recovered five widely divergent lineages, which corresponded to the morphological groupings: L. vittata sensu stricto; L. rauli sensu stricto; L. sp. CHINA; L. sp. AUS1; and L. sp. AUS2. Therefore, we formally resurrect L. rauli to valid species status and posit it is native to the subtropical and tropical Indo West-Pacific. Although data were limited, we also formally resurrect L. durbanensis to valid species status from southern Africa. Our results imply L. vittata and L. rauli are exotic species in the western Atlantic, New Zealand, and the Mediterranean. This study provides a solid framework to continue untangling the historic L. vittata species complex, which is likely to include additional species to the ones included in the present study.
从历史上看，丽纹石斑鱼的分布范围几乎遍布全球，但无极性。早期的研究报告表明，该物种在形态上存在广泛的变异，这为进一步将至少四个物种进行同义化提供了依据。在此，我们调查了丽纹石斑鱼复合体中的物种多样性，并检验了拉乌尔石斑鱼和德班石斑鱼是否为有效种，而不是丽纹石斑鱼的次异名。我们的综合形态和分子数据强烈支持在更广泛的丽纹石斑鱼复合体中至少有六个分类实体的有效性，包括拉乌尔石斑鱼和德班石斑鱼以及三个未描述的物种。多变量分析突出了背侧触角鞭 accessory 分支结构、第二对步足腕节和长节的 carpal 和 meral 节数以及颜色模式的显著形态差异，这些差异将虾类分为不同的形态群。系统发育分析支持形态分组，并恢复了五个广泛分歧的谱系，这些谱系与形态分组相对应：丽纹石斑鱼指名亚种；拉乌尔石斑鱼指名亚种；中国丽纹石斑鱼；澳大利亚丽纹石斑鱼；以及澳大利亚丽纹石斑鱼。因此，我们正式将拉乌尔石斑鱼恢复为有效种，并认为其原产于亚热带和热带印度西太平洋。尽管数据有限，我们还正式将来自南非的德班石斑鱼从次异名恢复为有效种。我们的结果表明，丽纹石斑鱼和拉乌尔石斑鱼是大西洋西部、新西兰和地中海的外来物种。本研究为继续理清历史悠久的丽纹石斑鱼复合体提供了坚实的框架，该复合体可能包括本研究中包含的其他物种。
