University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, 114 Karpen Hall, 1 University Heights, Campus Box 2125, Asheville, NC 28804, USA.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, 114 Karpen Hall, 1 University Heights, Campus Box 2125, Asheville, NC 28804, USA.
Contemp Clin Trials. 2022 Oct;121:106920. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2022.106920. Epub 2022 Sep 10.
Despite the authority to dispense naloxone, pharmacists have been reluctant to offer and dispense it, often due to discomfort communicating about the sensitive topic of opioid overdose. Because existing online naloxone trainings do not sufficiently address how to communicate effectively with patients about naloxone, Nalox-Comm, a training module designed to improve pharmacists' self-efficacy to engage in naloxone discussions, was developed.
To describe the study protocol to evaluate the effectiveness of the Nalox-Comm training module on naloxone dispensing rates.
A randomized controlled trial, which began in July 2021, is used to evaluate the pre-post Nalox-Comm training intervention. Sixty pharmacists are being recruited from 62 pharmacies part of a single grocery store chain in rural counties of the southeastern United States. After completing a baseline survey, pharmacists are observed by simulated patients (SPs) who rate the quality of their pre-training naloxone communication. Pharmacists are then invited to complete either a basic online naloxone training module (control group) or a newly developed Nalox-Comm training (experimental group), after which they complete a post-training survey and are observed a second time by SPs. Three months post-training, study participants complete a final follow-up survey. Naloxone dispensing records are obtained from each participating pharmacy to assess change in naloxone dispensing rates.
Informed by rural pharmacist stakeholders, the Nalox-Comm training module addresses communication barriers specific to rural communities. Compared to those in the control group, we hypothesize that pharmacies in the experimental group will dispense more naloxone in the three months post-training intervention.
尽管有分发纳洛酮的授权，药剂师们还是不愿意提供和分发纳洛酮，这通常是因为他们在谈论阿片类药物过量这一敏感话题时感到不舒服。由于现有的在线纳洛酮培训课程没有充分解决如何与患者有效沟通纳洛酮的问题，因此开发了纳洛酮沟通培训模块，旨在提高药剂师在纳洛酮讨论方面的自我效能感。
描述评估纳洛酮沟通培训模块对纳洛酮配药率影响的研究方案。
本研究采用随机对照试验，于 2021 年 7 月开始，评估纳洛酮沟通培训模块的干预效果。从美国东南部农村县的一个单一连锁杂货店的 62 家药店招募了 60 名药剂师。在完成基线调查后，由模拟患者（SP）观察药剂师，评估其培训前纳洛酮沟通质量。然后，邀请药剂师参加基础在线纳洛酮培训模块（对照组）或新开发的纳洛酮沟通培训（实验组），完成培训后，他们再次由 SP 观察，然后在培训后 3 个月完成最终随访调查。从每个参与的药店获取纳洛酮配药记录，以评估纳洛酮配药率的变化。
纳洛酮沟通培训模块由农村药剂师利益相关者提供信息，针对农村社区的沟通障碍。与对照组相比，我们假设实验组的药店在培训干预后的三个月内会开出更多的纳洛酮。
