Department of Forest Products, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor, 16680, Indonesia.
Faculty of Forestry, University of Tanjungpura, Pontianak, West Kalimantan, 78124, Indonesia.
Sci Rep. 2022 Sep 12;12(1):15350. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-19504-x.
Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) plantations in Indonesia are increasing over the past few years. After economic productivity, however, the unproductive oil palm trunks are felled and mostly go to waste, especially the inner part of the oil palm trunk (IOPT). There are several modification methods to utilize IOPT, such as impregnation and densification. Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) is a common resin used for impregnation in composite industries because it is non-toxic and has excellent physical and mechanical properties but it has never been applied for the impregnation of IOPT. This study aimed to analyze the effect of densification on the physical and mechanical properties of the inner part of oil palm trunk (IOPT) impregnated using methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) resin to obtain valuable information regarding the efficient utilization of unproductive oil palm trunks. IOPT was densified and compregnated with compression ratios (CRs) of 20% and 30%. The physical properties (density, moisture content (MC), and water absorption (WA)) and mechanical properties (modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), and hardness) of the compregnated samples were better than those of the densified samples. The density and mechanical properties at CR 30% were higher than those at CR 20%. The improvements in density, MC, and WA of the compregnated IOPT with CR 30% were 127%, 54%, and 70%, respectively, compared to that in untreated IOPT. Furthermore, improvements in the MOE, MOR, and hardness of the compregnated IOPT with CR 30% were 489%, 379%, and 393%, respectively. The mechanical properties of the compregnated IOPT at CR 20% and 30% increased two- to three-fold from strength class V in control IOPT to strength class III in compregnated IOPT with CR 20% and to strength class II in compregnated IOPT with CR 30%, respectively.
近年来，印度尼西亚的油棕（Elaeis guineensis Jacq.）种植园不断增加。然而，在经济生产力提高之后，没有生产力的油棕树干被砍伐，大部分都被浪费了，尤其是油棕树干的内部（IOPT）。有几种方法可以利用 IOPT，例如浸渍和致密化。二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯（MDI）是复合材料工业中常用的浸渍树脂，因为它无毒且具有出色的物理和机械性能，但从未应用于 IOPT 的浸渍。本研究旨在分析致密化对用二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯（MDI）树脂浸渍的油棕树干内部（IOPT）物理和机械性能的影响，以获得有关有效利用无生产力油棕树干的有价值信息。使用压缩比（CR）为 20%和 30%对 IOPT 进行致密化和浸渗。浸渗样品的物理性能（密度、水分含量（MC）和吸水率（WA））和机械性能（弹性模量（MOE）、断裂模量（MOR）和硬度）均优于致密化样品。CR 为 30%的浸渗样品的密度和机械性能高于 CR 为 20%的样品。与未经处理的 IOPT 相比，CR 为 30%的浸渗 IOPT 的密度、MC 和 WA 分别提高了 127%、54%和 70%。此外，CR 为 30%的浸渗 IOPT 的 MOE、MOR 和硬度分别提高了 489%、379%和 393%。CR 为 20%和 30%的浸渗 IOPT 的机械性能分别比对照 IOPT 中的强度等级 V 增加了两倍至三倍，达到 CR 为 20%的浸渗 IOPT 中的强度等级 III 和 CR 为 30%的浸渗 IOPT 中的强度等级 II。
