Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Toho University, Funabashi, 274-8510, Japan.
Faculty of Health and Medical Science, Teikyo Heisei University, Tokyo, 170-8445, Japan.
J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol. 2022 Nov;208(5-6):561-570. doi: 10.1007/s00359-022-01573-y. Epub 2022 Sep 14.
Anorexia due to aging is recognized as a syndrome of animal feeding behavior. Age-related functional disorders of the brain often cause behavioral changes. We used Aplysia kurodai to study this neural mechanism, following our previous study on food preference behaviors. The age of each wild animal was defined by a previously described method, and a significant age-related decline in food intake was observed. In this study, we explored the effects of aging on a specific inhibitory synaptic response in jaw-closing (JC) motor neurons produced by cholinergic multiaction (MA) neurons, the size of which determines the delay between MA and JC firings and this delay is reduced during aversive taste responses; in our analyses, we found a significant age-related decline in the synaptic response. Thereafter, we further explored whether such functional decline affects the JC firing pattern during the normal feeding response. During the feeding-like rhythmic responses induced by electrical nerve stimulation, the firing of the JC motor neurons advanced toward that of the MA burst, which typically happens during aversive taste responses. These results suggest that the age-related decline in the cholinergic synaptic response may partly cause the JC firing patterns that resemble the aversive taste response in old animals.
由于衰老导致的厌食症被认为是动物摄食行为的综合征。与年龄相关的大脑功能障碍常常导致行为改变。我们使用黑滨短沟对虾来研究这一神经机制,这是我们之前研究食物偏好行为的延续。每个野生动物的年龄都按照之前描述的方法来定义,我们观察到了与年龄相关的食物摄入量显著下降。在这项研究中,我们探讨了衰老对由胆碱能多动作(MA)神经元产生的闭口(JC)运动神经元的特定抑制性突触反应的影响,其大小决定了 MA 和 JC 放电之间的延迟,而在厌恶味觉反应中,这种延迟会缩短;在我们的分析中,我们发现突触反应与年龄相关的显著下降。此后,我们进一步探讨了这种功能下降是否会影响正常摄食反应期间的 JC 放电模式。在电神经刺激诱导的类似摄食的节律性反应中,JC 运动神经元的放电提前到 MA 爆发,这在厌恶味觉反应中通常会发生。这些结果表明,与年龄相关的胆碱能突触反应的下降可能部分导致了老年动物中类似于厌恶味觉反应的 JC 放电模式。