Wu Xiaoling, Zhang Duo, Chen Yining, Shen Junchun, Li Xiangyu, Zheng Quanzhi, Ma Jiaojiao, Xu Jiayi, Rao Manting, Liu Xiang, Lu Shaoyou
School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518106, China.
Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Jan 1;854:158808. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158808. Epub 2022 Sep 14.
Organophosphate esters (OPEs), which are frequently used as flame retardants and plasticizers in versatile products, are readily released to the external environment. Although workers at municipal waste incineration plants may be extensively exposed to OPEs, only scarce health monitoring and risk assessments have been conducted in this population. In this study, we investigated the levels of eight metabolites of organophosphate esters (mOPEs) and the oxidative stress marker 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in urine samples from 73 waste incinerator workers and 97 general residents from Shenzhen, China between September 2016 and June 2017. The overall detection rate of mOPEs was 82.2 %-100 %, and higher concentrations of di-p-cresyl phosphate and chlorinated mOPEs [bis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCEP), bis(1-chloro-2propyl) phosphate (BCIPP), bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate) (BDCIPP)] were found among incinerator workers than among general residents. The incinerator workers also showed significantly higher levels of 8-OHdG than general residents, but the measured levels of most mOPEs were not significantly correlated with the level of 8-OHdG; this may be because co-exposure to multiple toxic compounds can lead to oxidative stress. Risk assessment using Monte Carlo simulations revealed that 95 % of the incinerator workers were free from non-carcinogenic effects due to OPEs exposure (hazard index = 0.27, 95 % CI: 0.09, 0.77). However, the carcinogenic risk of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) for incinerator workers was between 10 and 10. These results indicate that incinerator workers are extensively exposed to OPEs, and better protective measures need to be implemented.
有机磷酸酯（OPEs）常用于多种产品中作为阻燃剂和增塑剂，它们很容易释放到外部环境中。尽管城市垃圾焚烧厂的工人可能会广泛接触到OPEs，但针对这一人群仅进行了极少的健康监测和风险评估。在本研究中，我们调查了2016年9月至2017年6月期间来自中国深圳的73名垃圾焚烧厂工人和97名普通居民尿液样本中八种有机磷酸酯代谢物（mOPEs）的水平以及氧化应激标志物8-羟基-2'-脱氧鸟苷（8-OHdG）的水平。mOPEs的总体检出率为82.2%-100%，并且在焚烧厂工人中发现磷酸二对甲苯酯和氯化mOPEs[双（2-氯乙基）磷酸酯（BCEP）、双（1-氯-2-丙基）磷酸酯（BCIPP）、双（1,3-二氯-2-丙基）磷酸酯（BDCIPP）]的浓度高于普通居民。焚烧厂工人的8-OHdG水平也显著高于普通居民，但大多数mOPEs的测量水平与8-OHdG水平无显著相关性；这可能是因为同时接触多种有毒化合物会导致氧化应激。使用蒙特卡洛模拟进行的风险评估显示，95%的焚烧厂工人因接触OPEs而无致癌效应（危害指数=0.27，95%CI：0.09，0.77）。然而，焚烧厂工人接触磷酸三（2-氯乙基）酯（TCEP）的致癌风险在10至10之间。这些结果表明，焚烧厂工人广泛接触OPEs，需要实施更好的防护措施。
