Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC, UNL - CONICET), Argentina.
Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC, UNL - CONICET), Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Santa Fe (UCSF), Argentina.
Environ Pollut. 2022 Dec 1;314:120169. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120169. Epub 2022 Sep 14.
Bioremediation technologies have demonstrated significant success on biological quality recovery of hydrocarbon contaminated soils, employing techniques among which composting and vermiremediation stand out. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of these processes to remediate diesel-contaminated soil, employing local organic materials and earthworms. During the initial composting stage (75 days), the substrate was made up using contaminated soil, lombricompost, rice hulls and wheat stubbles (60:20:15:5% w/w). Diesel concentration in the contaminated substrate was about 5 g kg, equivalent to a Total Petroleum Hidrocarbons (TPH) experimental concentration of 3425 ± 50 mg kg. During the later vermiremediation stage (60 days), the earthworm species Eisenia fetida and Amynthas morrisi were evaluated for their hydrocarbon degradation capacity. Physicochemical and biological assays were measured at different times of each stage and ecotoxicity assays were performed at the end of the experiments. TPH concentration reduced 10.91% after composting and from 45.2 to 60.81% in the different treatments after vermiremediation. Compared with TPH degradation in the treatment without earthworms (16.05%), results indicate that earthworms, along with indigenous microorganisms, accelerate the remediation process. Vermiremediation treatments did not present phytotoxicity and reflected high substrate maturity values (>80% Germination Index) although toxic effects were observed due to E. fetida and A morrisi exposure to diesel. Vermiremediation was an efficient technology for the recovery of substrate biological quality after diesel contamination in a short period. The addition of organic materials and suitable food sources aided earthworm subsistence, promoted the decontamination process and improved the substrate quality for future productive applications.
生物修复技术在受烃类污染土壤的生物质量恢复方面取得了显著成效，其中堆肥和蚯蚓修复技术尤为突出。本研究旨在评估这些过程在修复受柴油污染土壤方面的效率，采用当地有机材料和蚯蚓。在初始堆肥阶段（75 天），使用受污染土壤、蚯蚓粪、稻壳和麦秸（60:20:15:5%w/w）制成基质。污染基质中的柴油浓度约为 5 g kg，相当于总石油烃（TPH）实验浓度 3425±50 mg kg。在随后的蚯蚓修复阶段（60 天），评估了赤子爱胜蚓和环毛蚓对烃类降解的能力。在每个阶段的不同时间测量了理化和生物测定，并在实验结束时进行了生态毒性测定。堆肥后 TPH 浓度降低了 10.91%，蚯蚓修复后不同处理的 TPH 浓度降低了 45.2-60.81%。与无蚯蚓处理（16.05%）相比，结果表明蚯蚓与土著微生物一起加速了修复过程。蚯蚓修复处理没有表现出植物毒性，反映出基质成熟度值较高（>80%发芽指数），尽管由于赤子爱胜蚓和环毛蚓暴露于柴油中，观察到了毒性效应。蚯蚓修复是一种在短时间内恢复受柴油污染土壤生物质量的有效技术。添加有机材料和适宜的食物来源有助于蚯蚓生存，促进了去污过程，并提高了基质质量，以用于未来的生产应用。
